Abstract: In order to expand the nuclear power in energy and desalination,increase competitiveness in global nuclear power market,many developed countries with strong nuclear energy technology have realized the importance of Small Modular Reactor（SMR） and initiated heavy R＆D programs in SMR.The Advanced Small Pressurized Water Reactor（ASPWR） is characterized by great advantages in safety and economy and can be used in remote power grid and replace mid/small size fossil plant economically.This paper reviews the history and current status of SMR and ASPWR,and also discusses the design concept,safety features and other advantages of ASPWR.The purpose of this paper is to provide an overall review of ASPWR technology in western countries,and to promote the R＆D in ASPWR in China.