Abstract: This paper focuses on a typical high heat load component at the front end of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility（SSRF）. The temperature and elastoplastic stress-strain are simulated with the finite element method. The modified Von Mises equivalent strain model, combining with Miner linear cumulative damage theory, is used to predict the fatigue lives. Meanwhile, taking into account the effects of surface roughness and hold time, we ultimately provide a thermal fatigue life evaluation method for the high heat load components. The finite life design method is accordingly proposed, which aims to improve the current conservative design method and to promote the overall performance of the facility.