Demands Analysis on Diagnosis of Nuclear Accident Emergency Status of Chinese Nuclear-Powered Surface Ship
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摘要: 应急状态分级可以较合理地界定核事故所致各种紧急情况的应急响应需求，从而为执行充分但又不过度的应急处置争取更多的时间。本文通过对能够代表我国目前应急状态分级技术整体水平的秦山第二核电厂1&2号机组的一整套分级矩阵的改进，提出了用于我国核动力水面舰船核事故应急状态诊断的分级矩阵以及基于该分级矩阵开发诊断软件的需求。首先，通过建立约束条件，编制具有较强标准化和逻辑性的分级矩阵，特别是各矩阵及其各组成部分的排序；其次，通过建立多入口逻辑树和用户友好界面，开发具有快速诊断功能的诊断软件，特别是各逻辑树的分层和各界面的构成。Abstract: Emergency status classification can reasonably define the emergency response requirements of various emergencies caused by nuclear accidents, to win more time for the adequate but not excessive emergency response. This paper presents the demands on classification matrix and the diagnostic software development with this classification matrix for the diagnosis of nuclear accident emergency status of Chinese nuclear-powered surface ship, through the improvement of a whole set of classification matrix of Unit 1 and Unit 2 in Qinshan No.2 Nuclear Power Plan which represents the overall level of emergency classification technology in China. Firstly, through the establishment of constraints, the classification matrix with strong standardization and logic is developed, especially the ordering of matrixes and their components; and secondly, through the establishment of multi-entry logic tree and user-friendly interface, the diagnosis software with fast diagnosis function is developed, especially the layering of logic trees and the composition of interfaces.
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图 1 秦山第二核电厂1&2号机组识别类H分级矩阵
Figure 1. Recognition Category H Classification Matrix of Qinshan No.2 Nuclear Power Plant Unit 1&2
图 2 秦山第二核电厂1&2号机组识别类S分级矩阵
Figure 2. Recognition Category S Classification Matrix of Qinshan No.2 Nuclear Power Plant Unit 1&2
图 3 秦山第二核电厂1&2号机组识别类F分级矩阵
Figure 3. Recognition Category F Classification Matrix of Qinshan No.2 Nuclear Power Plant Unit 1&2
图 4 秦山第二核电厂1&2号机组识别类A分级矩阵
Figure 4. Recognition Category A Classification Matrix of Qinshan No.2 Nuclear Power Plant Unit 1&2
图 5 我国核动力水面舰船核事故分级矩阵示例
Figure 5. An Example of Emergency Classification Matrix for Nuclear Accident Emergency of Chinese Nuclear-powered Surface Ship
图 8 应急操作规程入口的诊断逻辑树
I型—核安全相关系统和机组故障时的操作规程；A型—设计基准事故时的操作规程；H型—预先分析过的超设计基准事故时的操作规程；U型—未预先分析过的超设计基准事故时的操作规程；SAMG—严重事故管理导则
Figure 8. Diagnostic Logic Tree with Emergency Operating Procedure
表 1 用于我国核动力水面舰船核事故应急状态诊断的一整套分级矩阵清单
Table 1. List of A Whole Set of Classification Matrix for Nuclear Accident Emergency Status Diagnostic of Chinese Nuclear-Powered Surface Ship
核事故分级矩阵 编号 识别类 识别类适
用的OMOM适用
的区域识别类对核
事故的含义Matrix 1 H 灾害 全部 全部 始发事件 Matrix 2 S 核动力装置故障 (1)(2)(3)(4) 海上和
港口事故进程 Matrix 3 F 裂变产物屏障丧失 Matrix 4 C 冷停堆系统故障 (5) 港口 Matrix 5 R 换料系统故障 (6) Matrix 6 A 辐射水平/流出物异常 全部 全部 辐射后果 
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[1] 国家核安全局. 核电厂核事故应急管理实施细则之一 核电厂营运单位的应急准备和应急响应: HAF 002/01[S]. 北京: 国家核安全局, 1998. [2] American Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI). Methodology for development of emergency action level: NEI 97-03 Draft Final Rev. 3 (NUMARC/NESP-007)[S]. Washington: NEI, 1998. [3] American Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI). Methodology for development of emergency action levels: NEI 99-01 Rev. 5[S]. Washington: NEI, 2008. [4] American Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI). Development of emergency action levels for non-passive reactors: NEI 99-01 Rev6[S]. Washington: NEI, 2012. [5] 中国核动力研究设计院. 核电厂应急状态诊断系统及诊断方法: 中国, CN201510192921.7[P]. 2017-2-22. -
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