Research on the Key Influencing Factors of the Driving Force of the Primary Loop System of the Natural Circulation Lead-based Fast Reactor
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摘要: 为深入研究影响自然循环铅基快堆一回路系统驱动力的关键因素，以自然循环铅基快堆SNCLFR-10为研究对象构建描述反应堆一回路自然循环稳态运行模型；从理论上量化分析冷/热池的热量传递、热源和热阱温度非线性分布、反应堆压力容器壁散热3种因素对自然循环能力的影响，并开展了相关数值模拟验证。结果表明，数值模拟结果与本研究理论计算值吻合较好；3种自然循环能力影响机制耦合作用将降低SNCLFR-10系统自然循环能力，导致自然循环流量与功率之间不再满足理论所得的1/3次方关系。
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关键词:
- 自然循环驱动力 /
- 冷/热池传热 /
- 非线性温度分布 /
- 反应堆压力容器壁散热 /
- 关键影响因素
Abstract: In order to deeply study the key factors affecting the driving force of the primary loop system of the natural circulation lead-based fast reactor, taking the natural circulation lead-based fast reactor SNCLFR-10 as the research object, a steady-state operation model describing the natural circulation of the primary loop of the reactor was constructed; The effects of heat transfer in cold/hot pool, nonlinear temperature distribution of heat source and heat sink and heat dissipation of reactor pressure vessel wall on natural circulation capacity are quantitatively analyzed theoretically, and relevant numerical simulation verification is carried out. The results show that the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the theoretical calculation values in this study; the coupling effect of the three natural circulation capacity influencing mechanisms will reduce the natural circulation capacity of the SNCLFR-10 system, resulting in the relationship between natural circulation flow and power no longer satisfying the 1/3 power obtained by theory. -
图 1 SNCLFR-10一回路主冷却剂系统结构示意图
Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of SNCLFR-10 Primary Loop Main Coolant System Structure
图 4 自然循环偏差与非线性温度分布函数的关系
Figure 4. Relationship between Natural Circulation Deviation and Nonlinear Temperature Distribution Function
表 1 SNCLFR-10主要设计参数
Table 1. Main Design Parameters of SNCLFR-10
参数 数值 热功率/ MW 10 冷却剂 LBE合金 驱动方式 自然循环 一回路运行压力/ MPa 0.1 堆芯进口温度/K 533.15 质量流量/ (kg·s−1) 529.4 循环高度/m 2 堆芯出口温度/K 673.15 活性区高度/mm 800 芯块直径/mm 12.7 燃料组件内棒数 61 燃料组件数 74 
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表 2 冷/热池传热对SCNLFR-10自然循环能力的影响
Table 2. Effect of Heat Transfer in Cold/hot Pool on Natural Circulation Capacity of SCNLFR-10
$ \Delta {T_1} $/℃ $ \Delta {T_2} $/℃ $ \varepsilon $/% 1 0.98 −0.75 5 4.89 −3.75 10 9.78 −7.50 20 19.55 −15.01 30 29.33 −22.51 40 39.10 −30.01 50 48.87 −37.51 100 97.70 −75.01
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表 3 等比例模型验证结果
Table 3. Verification Results of Equal Scale Model
参数 原堆参数 模型参数 相对误差/% 进口温度/K 533 534.40 0.26 出口温度/K 663 662.58 0.06 质量流量/(kg·s−1) 529 529.52 0.10
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表 4 冷/热池间传热对自然循环能力的影响（CFD模拟结果）
Table 4. Effect of Heat Transfer in Cold/hot Pool on Natural Circulation Capacity (CFD Simulation Results)
$ \Delta {T_1} $/℃ 理论$\varepsilon $/% 模拟$\varepsilon $/% 相对误差/% 1 −0.75 −0.68 9.33 5 −3.75 −3.45 8.00 10 −7.50 −7.03 6.27 20 −15.01 −14.55 3.06 30 −22.51 −21.53 4.35
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表 5 热源、热阱温度非线性分布对自然循环能力影响（CFD模拟结果）
Table 5. Effect of Nonlinear Temperature Distribution of Heat Source and Heat Sink on Natural Circulation Capability (CFD Simulation Results)
ac ah 理论$\varepsilon $/% 模拟$\varepsilon $/% 相对误差/% 5 −5 −0.82 −0.65 20.73 10, −10 −1.63 −1.32 19.02 20 −20 −3.27 −2.91 11.01
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表 6 反应堆压力容器散热对系统自然循环能力的影响（CFD模拟结果）
Table 6. Effect of Reactor Vessel Heat Dissipation on Natural Circulation Capacity of the System (CFD Simulation Results)
$ \Delta {T_{\text{3}}} $/℃ $ \Delta {T_{\text{4}}} $/℃ $ \varepsilon $（理论）/% $ \varepsilon $（模拟）/% 相对误差/% 1.0 2.7 0.49 0.56 12.50 2.0 5.4 0.99 1.11 10.81 3.0 8.1 1.48 1.60 7.50
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表 7 3种情况耦合对系统自然循环能力的影响（CFD模拟结果）
Table 7. Effect of Three Coupling Conditions on Natural Circulation Capacity (CFD Simulation Results)
$ \Delta {T_1} $/℃ $ \Delta {T_3} $/℃ $ \varepsilon $（理论）/% $ \varepsilon $（模拟）/% 相对误差/% 1 1 −3.52 −3.22 11.36 1 2 −6.52 −6.21 7.82 5 3 −3.03 −2.89 10.56
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