Research on Core Power Control of Small Lead-based Reactor Based on Ant Colony Algorithm
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摘要: 小型铅基堆适用范围广、运行工况复杂多变，采用传统的控制方法难以实现堆芯功率的良好控制。为解决传统线性二次高斯控制（LQG）/回路传输恢复技术（LTR）控制器参数无法实现在线调整问题，采用微扰理论建立堆芯状态空间模型，设计一种基于蚁群算法的LQG/LTR控制器，建立小型铅基堆堆芯功率控制系统，实现了LQG/LTR控制器参数在线调整，并开展了堆芯动态仿真研究。结果表明，基于蚁群算法的LQG/LTR控制器相较于传统LQG/LTR控制器更易达到稳定，且变化幅值更小。Abstract: Small lead-based reactor has a wide range of applications and complex and changeable operating conditions. It is difficult to achieve good control of core power by using traditional control methods. In order to solve the problem that the parameters of the traditional linear quadratic Gaussian control (LQG)/loop transmission recovery technology (LTR) controller cannot be adjusted online, the core state space model is established by using the perturbation theory, an LQG/LTR controller based on ant colony algorithm is designed, the core power control system of small lead-based reactor is established, the parameters of LQG/LTR controller are adjusted online, and the dynamic simulation of the core is carried out. The results show that the LQG/LTR controller based on ant colony algorithm is easier to be stable and the amplitude of change is smaller than that of the traditional LQG/LTR controller.
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Key words:
- Small lead-based reactor /
- LQG/LTR /
- Ant colony algorithm /
- Core power control
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图 1 LQG/LTR控制器设计步骤
$ \varGamma $—噪声权重矩阵；$ \omega (t) $—干扰信号；$ \upsilon (t) $—测量信号
Figure 1. Design Steps of LQG / LTR Controller
图 3 满功率水平下阶跃引入50 pcm反应性扰动响应
Figure 3. Step Introduction of 50 pcm Reactivity Disturbance Response at 100%FP
图 4 满功率水平下阶跃引入2℃冷却剂入口温度扰动响应
Figure 4. Step Introduction of 2℃ Coolant Inlet Temperature Disturbance Response at 100%FP
表 1 满功率水平下阶跃引入反应性扰动对堆芯响应参数的影响
Table 1. Influence of Step Induced Reactivity Disturbance on Core Response Parameters at 100%FP
扰动类型 控制器 相对功率偏差 冷却剂平均
温度偏差最大
幅值稳定
时间①/s最大
幅值/℃稳定
时间①/s阶跃引入50 pcm
正反应性ACO-LQG/LTR 0.0203 14.0886 0.0577 31.5849 LQG/LTR 0.0204 88.0811 0.2404 154.3422 无控制器 0.0209 1.0151 0.9593 135.5346 阶跃引入100 pcm
正反应性ACO-LQG/LTR 0.0395 16.7547 0.1153 36.1772 LQG/LTR 0.0481 146.8407 0.4807 146.6167 无控制器 0.0418 1.9955 1.9187 142.6835 注：①稳定时间指从引入扰动至曲线达到稳定的时间，下同 
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表 2 满功率水平下阶跃引入堆芯冷却剂入口温度扰动对堆芯响应参数的影响
Table 2. Influence of Step Induced Core Coolant Inlet Temperature Disturbance on Core Response Parameters at 100%FP
扰动类型 控制器 相对功率偏差 冷却剂平均
温度偏差最大
幅值稳定
时间/s最大
幅值/℃稳定
时间/s阶跃引入2℃堆芯冷
却剂入口温度扰动ACO-LQG/LTR 0.00034 12.5441s 1.9968 27.0602 LQG/LTR 0.00062 97.6699 2.0153 29.4259 无控制器 0.00135 69.1005 2.0680 31.7176 阶跃引入5℃堆芯冷
却剂入口温度扰动ACO-LQG/LTR 0.00085 15.2323 4.9921 29.7698 LQG/LTR 0.00153 91.1422 5.0882 31.3936 无控制器 0.00338 74.5054 5.1699 34.6196
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