Study on Decarburization and Oxidation Corrosion Behavior of T-22 Alloy in Impure Helium of High-temperature Gas-cooled Reactor
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摘要: 高温气冷堆的主冷却剂氦气中含有痕量杂质，其在高温环境下会与设备的合金材料发生反应从而造成材料腐蚀。在950℃、4种非纯氦气中开展高温气冷堆蒸汽发生器备选材料T-22合金的腐蚀试验，腐蚀时间为50 h，然后通过称重、扫描电镜、X射线能谱、电子探针显微分析仪以及碳硫分析仪对腐蚀后的T-22合金进行表征分析。研究表明，T-22合金在6种腐蚀情况下均未形成连续致密氧化层，合金内部均出现内氧化现象且均近乎发生完全脱碳，脱碳量达92.86%；腐蚀后的T-22合金的质量变化均很小，腐蚀50 h时合金已发生充分脱碳。Abstract: Helium in the main coolant of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) contains trace impurities, which reacts with the alloy materials of the equipment at high temperature and cause corrosion of the materials. The corrosion test of T-22 alloy, an alternative material for high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator, is carried out in four kinds of impure helium at 950 ℃, and the corrosion time is 50 h. Then the corroded T-22 alloy is characterized by weighing, scanning electron microscope, X-ray energy spectrum, electron probe microanalyzer and carbon sulfur analyzer. The results show that T-22 alloy does not form a continuous dense oxide layer under six corrosion conditions, internal oxidation occurs in the alloy and complete decarburization occurs, and the amount of decarburization is up to 92.86%. The mass change of T-22 alloy after corrosion is very small, and the alloy has been fully decarburized after corrosion for 50 h.
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Key words:
- High-temperature gas-cooled reactor /
- T-22 alloy /
- Decarbonization /
- Oxidation /
- Mass gain
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图 2 T-22合金在He-3、He-3（预氧化）、He-4、He-4（预氧化）气氛下腐蚀后表面形貌
Figure 2. Surface Morphology of T-22 Alloy after Corrosion in He-3, He-3 (Preoxidation), He-4, He-4 (Preoxidation) Atmosphere
图 3 T-22合金在He-3、He-3（预氧化）、He-4、He-4（预氧化）气氛下腐蚀后断面形貌
Figure 3. Cross Section Morphology of T-22 Alloy after Corrosion in He-3, He-3 (Preoxidation), He-4, He-4 (Preoxidation) Atmosphere
图 4 T-22合金在He-2气氛下腐蚀后截面的Fe元素分布
Figure 4. Distribution of Fe in the Cross Section of T-22 Alloy after Corrosion in He-2 Atmosphere
图 5 T-22合金在He-3、He-3（预氧化）气氛下腐蚀后截面的EDS元素图像
Figure 5. EDS Element Image of T-22 Alloy in the Cross Section after Corrosion in He-3 and He-3 (Preoxidation) Atmosphere
图 6 T-22合金在He-4、He-4（预氧化）气氛下腐蚀后截面的EDS图像
Figure 6. EDS Image of T-22 Alloy in the Cross Section after Corrosion in He-4 and He-4 (Preoxidation) Atmosphere
图 7 T-22合金在He-1、He-2气氛下腐蚀后截面的EDS元素图像
Figure 7. EDS Element Image of T-22 Alloy in the Cross Section after Corrosion in He-1, He-2 Atmosphere
图 8 T-22合金在He-2气氛中腐蚀后Fe元素随深度分布
红色线条—电子束照射位置；下同
Figure 8. Distribution of Fe with Depth after Corrosion of T-22 Alloy in He-2 Atmosphere
图 9 T-22合金在He-3、He-3（预氧化）气氛下腐蚀后的EPMA图像
Figure 9. EPMA Image of T-22 Alloy after Corrosion in He-3 and He-3 (Preoxidation) Atmosphere
图 10 T-22合金在He-4、He-4（预氧化）气氛下腐蚀后的EPMA图像
Figure 10. EPMA Image of T-22 Alloy after Corrosion in He-4 and He-4 (Preoxidation) Atmosphere
图 11 T-22合金在He-1、He-2气氛中腐蚀后的EPMA图像
Figure 11. EPMA Image of T-22 Alloy after Corrosion in He-1 and He-2 Atmosphere
图 12 T-22合金腐蚀前后碳含量变化
Figure 12. Carbon Content Change of T-22 Alloy before and after Corrosion
图 13 T-22合金在He-2气氛下腐蚀后碳含量变化
Figure 13. Carbon Content Change of T-22 Alloy after Corrosion in He-2 Atmosphere
表 1 T-22合金主要元素含量 %
Table 1. Contents of Main Elements in T-22 Alloy
元素 C Cr Fe Ni Mn Al Si Mo Ti 含量 0.14 2.25 Base − 0.45 − <0.05 1.00 − Base—合金基底元素；“−”—低于检测值，可认为含量为0 
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表 2 腐蚀试验气氛杂质的成分含量(Ptot=0.1 MPa) ppm
Table 2. Composition Content of Impurities in Corrosion Test Atmosphere (Ptot=0.1 MPa)
气氛条件 H2 H2O CO CO2 CH4 O2 He-1 − 6 − − − 1.00 He-2 490 0.83 490 70 2 0.58 He-3 490 1.52 490 70 210 0.50 He-4 490 1.52 5 70 2 0.50 Ptot—恒定试验压力
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