Numerical Simulations of Flow Field in First-Stage Steam-water Separator of Steam Generator
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摘要: 以压水堆核电厂蒸汽发生器一级汽水分离器为研究对象，采用基于计算流体动力学（CFD）的计算软件ANSYS Fluent对湿蒸汽进入汽水分离器后的流场特性和汽水分离性能进行模拟，在模拟过程中采用了欧拉多相流模型和k-ε Realizable湍流模型相结合的计算模型。对工质流经汽水分离器的模拟结果表明，在汽相与液相经由汽水分离器流至各自出口时，出现明显的分层现象。对比不同切向出口和不同液滴粒径下的模拟结果表明，出口面积越大，汽水分离器对液滴的分离效果越好；在0.01~0.10 mm的粒径范围内，液滴粒径越大，分离效果越好。对不同负荷条件下汽水分离器分离效率的模拟结果表明，分离效率随机组负荷升高略有降低。
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关键词:
- 汽水分离器 /
- 计算流体动力学（CFD） /
- 多相流 /
- 液滴粒径 /
- 分离效率
Abstract: Taking the first-stage steam-water separator of the steam generator of PWR nuclear power plant as the research object, the flow field characteristics and steam- water separation performance of wet steam after entering the steam-water separator are simulated by using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculation software ANSYS Fluent. In the simulation process, a calculation model combining the Euler multiphase flow model and the k-ε Realizable turbulence model is used. The simulation results of the working medium flowing through the steam-water separator show that when the vapor phase and the liquid phase flow to their respective outlets through the steam-water separator, there is obvious stratification. Comparing the simulation results under different tangential outlets and droplet diameters, it is shown that the larger the outlet area, the better the separation effect of the separator on droplets; In the diameter range of 0.01-0.10 mm, the larger the droplet diameter, the better the separation effect.The simulation results of the separation efficiency of the steam-water separator under different load conditions show that the separation efficiency slightly decreases with the increase of the unit load. -
图 2 3种汽水分离器模型的切向出口结构
Figure 2. Tangential Outlet Strutures of Three Steam-Water Separator Models
图 6 模型Ⅱ分离效率与液滴粒径的关系
Figure 6. Relationship between Separation Efficiency and Droplet Diameter of Model Ⅱ
图 7 模型Ⅱ出口蒸汽湿度与液滴粒径的关系
Figure 7. Relationship between Steam Humidity of Outlet and Droplet Diameter of Model Ⅱ
图 8 模型Ⅱ压损和液滴粒径的关系
Figure 8. Relationship between Pressure Loss and Droplet Diameter of Model Ⅱ
图 9 模型Ⅱ分离效率与机组负荷的关系
Figure 9. Relationship between Separation Efficiency and Unit Load of Model Ⅱ
图 10 模型 Ⅱ 出口蒸汽湿度与机组负荷的关系
Figure 10. Relationship between Outlet Steam Humidity and Unit Load of Model II
图 11 模型 Ⅱ 压损与机组负荷的关系
Figure 11. Relationship between Pressure Loss and Unit Load of Model Ⅱ
表 1 3种模型结果对比
Table 1. Comparison of Results of Three Models
模型 分离效率/% 出口蒸汽湿度/% 压损/kPa 模型Ⅰ 99.97 0.06 32.090 模型Ⅱ 99.78 0.84 32.177 模型Ⅲ 89.24 32.01 32.400 
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表 2 模型Ⅱ机组负荷与入口设置
Table 2. Unit Load and the Setting of the Inlet in Model Ⅱ
机组负荷/% 循环倍率 入口汽相质量
流量/（kg·s−1）入口液相质量
流量/（kg·s−1）40 5.65 13.46 76.05 60 4.83 20.19 77.33 80 4.44 26.92 92.60 100 4.35 33.65 112.73
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