数字图像相关方法在力学特性试验中的应用研究

Research on Application of Digital Image Correlation Method in Mechanical Property Test

摘要: 为了实现数字图像相关方法在反应堆结构力学中的应用，采用非接触全场应变测量技术，对大型细柔性结构的表面散斑处理进行研究，开展力学特性试验；通过非接触全场应变测量系统——VIC-3D测试系统得到试验件的全场应变数据，并结合应变片测量结果进行数据验证。结果表明，数字图像相关方法（DIC）具有良好的应变测试精度和较广的测试范围。
- 数字图像相关方法（DIC） /
- 非接触测量 /
- 全场应变 /
- 力学特性试验
Abstract: In order to realize the application of the digital image correlation method in the structural mechanics of the reactor, the non-contact full-field strain measurement technology is used to study the surface speckle treatment of large-scale thin and flexible structures, and to carry out mechanical property tests; through the non-contact full-field strain measurement system-VIC-3D test system, the full-field strain data of the test piece are obtained, and the data are verified with the measurement results of the strain gauge. The results show that the digital image correlation method (DIC) has good strain testing accuracy and wide testing range.
- Digital image correlation (DIC) /
- Non-contact measure /
- Full-field strain /
- Mechanical property test

图 1 变形前后图像子区示意图

Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of Image Subareas Before and After Deformation

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图 2 试验台架示意图

Figure 2. Schematic Diagram of Test Bed

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图 3 试验加载示意图

Figure 3. Schematic Diagram of Test Loading

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图 4 镜头拍摄的散斑

Figure 4. Speckle Shot by Lens

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图 5 试验件有限元模型

Figure 5. Finite Element Model of Test Piece

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图 6 有限元计算结果

Figure 6. Finite Element Calculation Result

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图 7 压缩试验最大载荷时DIC全场应变云图

Figure 7. DIC Full-Field Strain Cloud Diagram at Maximum Load of Compression Test

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 各试验工况下最大载荷时的局部DIC应变结果云图

Figure 8. Cloud Diagram of Local DIC Strain Results under Maximum Load under Various Test Conditions

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表 1 DIC 与应变片最大微应变结果对比

Table 1. Comparison of Maximum Strain between DIC and Strain Gague

试验工况应变片最大
微应变 DIC测得最大
微应变误差/%

压缩试验 89 81 8.99
拉伸试验 86 81 5.81
两端固定弯曲试验 363 349 3.86
上端自由下端固定弯曲试验 706 701 0.71

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