Study on Radiation Field Distribution and Attenuation Rate of Radioisotope Thermophotovoltaic System
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摘要: 开展深空、深海探测任务必须解决长周期能源供给问题,同位素热光伏电源(RTPV)系统是重要的解决方案之一,RTPV系统性能衰减研究是开展工程化设计的基础。本工作系统地计算了250 W 238PuO2通用热源(GPHS)的功率衰减情况,利用蒙特卡洛方法模拟了RTPV系统内部的辐射场分布,最终结合国外相关实验得到RTPV系统的衰减率。当电池系统服役20 a时,热功率下降导致系统转换效率下降的年衰减率为0.5%;富氧情况下238PuO2源产生的中子辐照导致GaSb晶元转换效率下降的年衰减率为0.7%;综合考虑功率衰减及中子辐照影响,RTPV系统的年衰减率为1.2%。
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关键词:
- 同位素热光伏电源(RTPV) /
- 通用热源(GPHS) /
- 衰减率 /
- 辐射场
Abstract: For deep space and deep sea exploration missions, the long-period energy supply problem must be solved. Radioisotope thermophotovoltaic (RTPV) cell is one of the important solutions. The research on the performance degradation of RTPV system is the basis of engineering design. The power attenuation of 250 W 238PuO2 General-Purpose Heat Source (GPHS) was calculated systematically, and the radiation field distribution inside the thermophotovoltaic system was simulated by Monte Carlo method. Finally, the attenuation rate of RTPV system was obtained by combining relevant foreign experiments. When the cell system has been in service for 20 years, the annual attenuation rate of the system conversion efficiency reduction caused by the thermal power reduction is 0.5%. In the case of oxygen enrichment, the annual attenuation rate of GaSb crystal conversion efficiency caused by neutron irradiation from 238PuO2 source is 0.7%. Considering the effects of power attenuation and neutron irradiation, the annual attenuation rate of thermal photovoltaic system is 1.2%. -
表 1 产生γ光子的衰变反应
Table 1. Decay Reactions That Produce γ Photons
衰变过程 衰变类型 半衰期 γ光子能量/keV 强度/% 212Pb→212Bi β 10.64 h 115.183 0.592 β 10.64 h 238.632 43.3 β 10.64 h 300.087 3.28 212Bi→208Tl α 60.55 min 39.857 1.06 212Bi→212Po β 60.55 min 727.330 6.58 β 60.55 min 785.37 1.102 β 60.55 min 1078.62 0.564 β 60.55 min 1620.50 1.49 208Tl→208Pb β 3.053 min 252.61 0.69 β 3.053 min 277.358 6.31 β 3.053 min 510.77 22.6 β 3.053 min 583.191 84.5 β 3.053 min 763.13 1.81 β 3.053 min 860.564 12.42 β 3.053 min 2614.533 99.16 -
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