铅基全陶瓷微封装弥散燃料堆芯概念设计初步研究

娄磊; 王连杰; 彭星杰; 赵晨; 张斌; 周冰燕; 周楠; 胡钰莹; 王星博; 赵子凡

doi:10.13832/j.jnpe.2022.S2.0100

铅基全陶瓷微封装弥散燃料堆芯概念设计初步研究

doi: 10.13832/j.jnpe.2022.S2.0100

中国核动力研究设计院核反应堆系统设计技术重点实验室，成都，610213

基金项目: 中国科协青年人才托举工程（ 2019QNRC001）

详细信息

作者简介:
娄　磊（1988—），男，高级工程师，现从事反应堆物理设计研究工作，E-mail: 371682011@qq.com

通讯作者:
王连杰，E-mail: mcd2264@126.com

中图分类号: TL329
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- 文章访问数: 137
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-20
- 修回日期: 2022-08-30
- 刊出日期: 2022-12-31

Preliminary Study on Conceptual Design of Lead-based Fully Ceramic Microencapsulated Dispersion Fuel Core

Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory, Nuclear Power Institute of China, Chengdu, 610213, China

摘要

摘要: 为了充分利用全陶瓷微封装弥散燃料（FCM）的耐事故特性，进一步提高铅基反应堆的安全性，将FCM应用于铅基冷却剂反应堆中，给出了铅基FCM堆芯的初步概念设计，并与传统铅基UO₂燃料堆芯在燃料装量、燃料利用率、能谱及反应性等方面进行了对比分析。对比结果表明，FCM对堆芯能谱有少量的慢化效果，同时需采用高富集度UO₂燃料核芯以保证堆芯²³⁵U装量满足能量输出需求，采用FCM堆芯²³⁵U装量较UO₂堆芯有相应降低，燃料利用率进一步提高。最后对铅基FCM堆芯布置进行功率展平优化，通过径向FCM相体积分区对堆芯功率进行了展平。计算结果显示，堆芯功率峰因子（F_Q）由2.43降低至1.93，堆芯核焓升因子（F_DH）由1.79降低至1.33。
- 铅基反应堆 /
- 全陶瓷微封装弥散燃料(FCM) /
- 初步概念设计 /
- 功率展平 /
- 相体积分区
Abstract: In order to make full use of the accident resistance characteristics of fully ceramic microencapsulated (FCM) dispersion fuel and further improve the safety of lead-based reactor, FCM fuel is applied to lead-based coolant reactor, and the preliminary conceptual design of lead-based FCM core is presented, and the fuel loading, fuel utilization, energy spectrum and reactivity of the FCM core are compared with the traditional lead-based UO₂ fuel core. The comparison results show that FCM has a little moderating effect on core energy spectrum, and high enrichment UO₂ fuel core is needed to ensure that the core ²³⁵U loading meets the energy output requirements. The ²³⁵U loading of the core using FCM is lower than that of UO₂ core, and the fuel utilization rate is further improved. Finally, the power flattening optimization of lead-based FCM core layout is carried out, and the core power is flattened by radial FCM phase volume partition. The calculation results show that the core power peak factor (F_Q) is reduced from 2.43 to 1.93, and the core nuclear enthalpy rise factor (F_DH) is reduced from 1.79 to 1.33.
- Lead-based reactor /
- Fully ceramic microencapsulated (FCM) fuel /
- Primary conceptual design /
- Power flattening /
- Phase volume partition

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图 1 组件示意图

Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of Assemblies

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图 2 SLBR-50-FCM堆芯径向布置示意图

Figure 2. Schematic Diagram of SLBR-50-FCM Core Radial Arrangement

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图 3 堆芯轴向布置示意图

Figure 3. Schematic Diagram of Core Axial Arrangement

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图 4 SLBR-50-FCM优化堆芯径向布置示意图

Figure 4. Schematic Diagram of SLBR-50-FCM Optimized Core Radial Arrangement

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表 1 FCM TRISO 参数

Table 1. Parameters of FCM TRISO

结构参数	尺寸 /μm	密度 /(g·cm⁻³)	成分
UO₂核芯直径	800	＞10.4	U、O原子比1:2
UN核芯直径	800	13.6（95%孔隙率）	U、N原子比1:1
疏松PyC层	50	＜1.1	C
IPyC层	35	1.9	C
SiC层	35	≥3.18	Si、C原子比1:1
OPyC层	20	1.9	C
总直径	1080
注：PyC—热解碳；IPyC—内部热解碳层；OPyC—外部热解碳层

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表 2 SLBR-50-FCM堆芯主要设计参数

Table 2. Main Design Parameters of SLBR-50-FCM Core

参数名	参数值	参数名	参数值
堆芯热功率/MW	50	燃料芯体直径/mm	8.0
堆芯寿期/EFPD	2000	气隙厚度/mm	0.1
燃料有效温度/K	900	包壳厚度/mm	0.6
冷却剂温度/K	700	包壳外直径/mm	9.4
TRISO颗粒相体积/%	42	燃料棒中心距/mm	10.9
²³⁵U富集度/%	90	组件中心距/mm	93.5
U装量/kg	659	组件盒内对边距/mm	88.0
²³⁵U装量/kg	593	组件盒内外边距/mm	92.0
控制棒吸收体材料	B₄C	组件盒厚度/mm	2.0
反射层材料	BeO	组件内燃料棒数目/个	61
包壳材料	不锈钢	堆芯活性区高度/mm	950
冷却剂	铅基	反射层外接圆直径/mm	820
燃料组件数目/个	144	控制棒组件数目/个	18
反射层组件数目/个	48
注：EFPD—有效满功率天

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表 3 SLBR-50-FCM与SLBR-50堆芯主要设计参数对比

Table 3. Comparison of Main Design Parameters between SLBR-50-FCM and SLBR-50 Cores

参数	SLBR-50	SLBR-50-FCM
堆芯热功率/MW	50	50
堆芯寿期/EFPD	2000	2000
堆芯寿期初U装量/kg	3862	659
堆芯寿期初²³⁵U装量/kg	770	593
堆芯寿期初全提棒k_eff	1.03720	1.16057
堆芯寿期末全提棒k_eff	1.00319	1.01734
堆芯全寿期最大F_Q	2.06	2.43
堆芯全寿期最大F_DH	1.53	1.79
注：k_eff —堆芯有效增殖因子；F_Q—堆芯功率峰因子；F_DH—堆芯核焓升因子

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表 4 SLBR-50-FCM堆芯优化前后主要设计参数对比

Table 4. Comparison of Main Design Parameters before and after Optimization of SLBR-50-FCM Core

参数名	参数值
参数名	优化前	优化后
堆芯热功率/MW	50	50
堆芯寿期/EFPD	2000	2000
堆芯寿期初U装量/kg	659	658
堆芯寿期初²³⁵U装量/kg	593	592
堆芯寿期初全提棒k_inf	1.16057	1.16020
堆芯寿期末全提棒k_inf	1.01734	1.01319
堆芯全寿期最大F_Q	2.43	1.93
堆芯全寿期最大F_DH	1.79	1.33

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参考文献(8)

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