Research on Improvement of Pilot Solenoid Valve for Emergency Diesel Generator in Nuclear Power Plant
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摘要: 核电厂内应急柴油发电机的压缩空气启动系统采用的先导电磁阀频繁故障，主要表现为无法正常开关和卡涩漏气，此故障将影响柴油发电机的压缩空气启动系统的可靠性和可用性，直接导致柴油发电机不可启动。针对该问题，通过功能测试和拆解发现了先导电磁阀结构设计上的缺陷，明确了故障发生的根本原因为先导电磁阀复位结构不合理。改进措施主要包括主阀体结构改进、阀芯装配干涉结构改进、主阀芯导向结构改进、主阀芯复位弹簧改进以及先导电磁阀中的动铁芯压接喷嘴通径及线圈功率改进。改进后的先导电磁阀顺利完成了全部鉴定试验测试。测试结果表明，改进后的先导电磁阀解决了无法正常开关及卡涩漏气的故障，提升了应急柴油发电机空气启动回路的可靠性。Abstract: The pilot solenoid valve used in the compressed air start-up system of emergency diesel generator in nuclear power plant fails frequently, and the failure modes are mainly manifested as inability to switch normally and jamming and air leakage. This failure will affect the reliability and availability of the compressed air start-up system of diesel generator and directly lead to the failure of diesel generator to start. In order to solve this problem, the defects in the structural design of the pilot solenoid valve were found through functional testing and disassembly, and it was clear that the root cause of the failure was the unreasonable reset structure of the pilot solenoid valve. The improvement measures mainly include the improvements of the main valve body structure, spool assembly interference structure, main spool guide structure, main spool return spring, diameter of the moving iron core crimping nozzle and the coil power of the pilot solenoid valve. The improved solenoid valve successfully completed all qualification tests. The test results show that the improved solenoid valve solves the failure of normal switching and jamming and air leakage, and improves the reliability of the air starting circuit of the emergency diesel generator.
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Key words:
- Nuclear power plant /
- Pilot solenoid valve /
- Jamming and air leakage /
- Not working
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图 1 先导电磁阀组成部件示意图
A01—先导电磁阀线圈；A02—先导电磁阀磁性管；A03—动铁芯；A04—阀体上端盖；A05—手动开关；A06—阀体下端盖；A07—主阀芯；A08—复位弹簧；A09—主阀体；A10—上下阀口环
Figure 1. Components of Solenoid Valve
表 1 先导电磁阀功能测试项目表
Table 1. Item List for Solenoid Valve Function Test
序号 测试类别 测试对象与目的 1 性能测试 最小启动电压测试 2 性能测试 工作压差测试 3 性能测试 湿热环境影响试验 4 性能测试 电磁阀线圈温升测试 5 性能测试 绝缘电阻测试 6 性能测试 绝缘强度测试 7 性能测试 泄漏量测试 8 性能测试 密封性测试 9 性能测试 耐压强度测试 10 性能测试 额定流量系数测试 11 性能测试 响应时间测试 12 电磁铁静态特性测试 测试电磁阀的静态特性曲线：①位移—力特性曲线（任意设定一个电流不变）；②电流—力特性曲线（任意设定一个位移不变）；③通过改变电磁铁环境温度测试静态特性曲线 13 电磁铁动态响应测试 可通过系统调节电磁铁的负载大小，通过激光传感器测试电磁铁的位移响应特性，可通过改变电磁铁环境温度测试动态特性曲线 14 机械振动影响测试 识别振动影响 15 动作可靠性寿命测试 记录20000次循环过程中的开关波形判断，发现开关波形异常时系统自动发送报警信息，实时记录20000次循环过程中每个开关过程的响应时间、电参数值 16 异物卡涩测试 改进先导电磁阀动铁芯压接喷嘴设计 
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