Research on Influence of Structural Parameters on Shielding Efficiency of Al-based Foam Metal
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摘要: 金属泡沫材料拥有优良的γ射线屏蔽能力和较低的密度，但影响其屏蔽性能的关键结构参数及作用规律尚不明确，阻碍了该材料屏蔽性能的进一步优化。本文采用蒙特卡罗方法构建了2种最密堆球模型，计算了理想铝基泡沫金属在各结构参数下的屏蔽性能。研究发现，铝基泡沫金属对能量低于0.24 MeV软γ射线屏蔽能力优于铝基块体材料。控制空心球填充率是优化该材料屏蔽性能的主要可操控方式，且在其适合辐射屏蔽能段时材料越轻性能越好。堆球方式是影响材料屏蔽137Cs、60Co源γ射线性能的最重要参数，实现面心立方最密堆球铝基泡沫金属的制备将弱化其在屏蔽硬γ射线时的劣势。
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关键词:
- 铝基泡沫金属 /
- γ射线屏蔽 /
- 堆球方式 /
- 质量减弱系数(MAC) /
- 三维输运计算程序(MCNP)
Abstract: Metal foam is characterized with excellent γ-ray shielding ability and lightweight. However, the relationship between its structural parameters and the radiation shielding performance is not clear, which blocks the further optimization of shielding properties. In this paper, two simulation models of densest packing spheres are constructed, then the shielding performance of ideal Al-based foam metal with various structural parameters is calculated by Monte Carlo. It is found that the Al-based foam metal’s shielding capacity against soft γ-ray with energy below 0.24 MeV is better than that of A356. Packing density of hollow spheres is the dominant controllable route to optimize the shielding performance of Al-based foam metal: and the lighter the material is, the better the performance is within its suitable radiation shielding energy range. The mode of packing is the most critical factor to affect the shielding capacity against γ-ray from 137Cs and 60Co sources. Preparation of face centered cubic densest packing sphere Al-based foam metal will weaken its inferiority in shielding harder γ-ray. -
图 1 面心立方晶胞以及fcc、hcp堆球示意图
Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of fcc Cell and Packing Spheres with fcc and hcp Style
图 3 铝基泡沫金属屏蔽不同能量γ射线时的MAC
Figure 3. MAC of Al-Based Foam Metal when Shielding γ-ray with Different Energy
图 4 γ射线穿透不同屏蔽体厚度fcc、hcp型铝基泡沫金属的几率
Figure 4. Probability of γ-ray Penetrating fcc and hcp Aluminum-based Foam Metal with Different Shielding Thicknesses
图 5 不同大小薄壁空心球构建铝基泡沫金属的MAC
Figure 5. MACs of Al-Based Foam Metal Constructed by Hollow Spheres with Different Sizes
图 6 薄壁空心球堆积密度对γ射线MAC的影响
Figure 6. Effect of Hollow Sphere Packing Density on MAC to γ-ray
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