Effect of Composition Optimization of Ni-base Filler Alloy on Microstructure of Vacuum Brazing Joint of SiCf/SiC Composite Ceramic
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摘要: 为探究SiCf/SiC复合陶瓷与SiC陶瓷钎焊工艺性的差别，采用Ni基合金钎料在真空1400℃下保温10 min实现了SiCf/SiC复合陶瓷与SiC陶瓷材料的真空钎焊连接，并针对焊后接头焊缝微观形貌特征对Ni基钎料进行成分优化，最终获得焊缝质量良好、SiC纤维损伤较小的SiCf/SiC复合陶瓷真空钎焊连接接头。结果显示，SiC陶瓷和SiCf/SiC复合陶瓷与钎料的反应机理相同，生成的反应产物没有差异。由于SiCf/SiC复合陶瓷的结构特点，钎焊过程中钎料会在毛细作用下沿缝隙流失，并与SiC纤维发生反应造成纤维损伤。因此需降低钎料与SiCf/SiC复合陶瓷的反应倾向，避免SiC纤维质量受损。所获结果可为针对SiCf/SiC复合陶瓷连接的钎料成分及钎焊工艺设计提供试验参考。Abstract: In order to explore the difference of brazing process between SiCf/SiC composites and SiC ceramics, the vacuum brazing connection between SiCf/SiC composites and SiC ceramics was realized by using Ni-based alloy brazing filler metal to hold heat for 10 min at 1400°C in vacuum, and the composition of Ni-based filler metal was optimized according to the microstructure characteristics of weld joints. Finally, the SiCf/SiC composite ceramic vacuum brazed joint with good weld quality and less SiC fiber damage was obtained. The results show that the reaction mechanism of SiC ceramics and SiCf/SiC composites is the same as that of filler metal, and there is no difference in the reaction products. Due to the structural characteristics of SiCf/SiC composites, the filler metal will be lost along the gap under the action of capillarity and react with SiC fibers to cause fiber damage during brazing. Therefore, the reaction tendency between filler metal and SiCf/SiC composites should be reduced to avoid the quality damage of SiC fibers. The results can provide reference for the composition of filler metal and brazing process design of SiCf/SiC composites.
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图 1 试验所用SiC陶瓷及SiCf/SiC复合陶瓷微观形貌
Figure 1. Microstructure of SiC Ceramics and SiCf/SiC Composites Used in Experiment
图 3 SiCf/SiC复合陶瓷及SiC陶瓷钎料涂覆及装配示意图
Figure 3. Schematic Diagram of Coating and Assembly of SiCf/SiC and SiC Joint
图 5 Ni-Cr合金钎料在1400℃下保温10 min钎焊SiCf/SiC复合陶瓷接头微观形貌
P1~P6——采集EDS成分信号的区域
Figure 5. Microstructure of SiCf/SiC Composite Joint Brazed by Ni-Cr Alloy Brazing Filler Metal Held Heat for 10 min at 1400℃
图 6 SiC纤维焊后微观形貌
P7—SiC纤维反应后产物的EDS成分采集区域
Figure 6. Microstructure of SiC Fiber after Brazing
图 7 Ni-Cr合金+23.1% Si钎料在1400℃下保温10 min钎焊SiCf/SiC复合陶瓷接头微观形貌
Figure 7. Microstructure of SiCf/SiC Composite Joint Brazed by Ni-Cr Alloy +23.1% Si brazing Filler Metal Held Heat for 10 min at 1400℃
表 1 SiCf/SiC复合陶瓷钎焊接头焊缝各区域成分分析结果 （原子百分比/%）
Table 1. Component Analysis Results of Brazing Joint of SiCf/SiC Composites (Atomic Percent/%)
位置 成分 组成相 Si C Cr Ni Nb Mo P1 16.9 50.5 0.7 31.9 δ-Ni2Si P2 14.5 50.7 20.3 9.2 0.8 4.6 G相 P3 11.9 63.2 1.1 23.8 δ-Ni2Si P4 32.3 67.7 SiC P5 30.2 69.2 0.6 SiC P6 30.9 68.6 0.5 SiC P7 11.9 63.2 1.1 23.8 δ-Ni2Si 空白—没有检测到这个元素 
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