Research on Sensorless Control Method of Synchronous Reluctance Special Motor Based on High-frequency Square Wave Voltage Injection
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摘要: 针对同步磁阻（SynR）型特种电机在高温高压、强辐射的工况下，位置传感器对转子位置检测容易出现失灵或者检测误差较大的现象，提出一种不需要依靠位置传感器就可以将SynR型特种电机位置检测出来的无传感器控制方法。该方法在矢量控制的基础上通过向估计的d轴注入正负交替的高频方波电压信号，在估计的q轴会产生相应的高频响应电流，高频响应电流中包含有电机转子位置信息，将高频响应电流通过转子位置观测器就可以将转子的位置信息估算出来，实现对SynR型特种电机的无传感器控制。仿真结果表明，所提出的方法可以实现在高温高压强辐射工况下无位置传感器时对SynR型特种电机的精准控制，具有收敛速度快、精度高，易于工程实现等优点。
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关键词:
- 同步磁阻(SynR) /
- 特种电机 /
- 无传感器控制 /
- 高频方波电压注入
Abstract: Aiming at the phenomenon that the position sensor of synchronous reluctance special motor is prone to failure or large error in rotor position detection under high temperature, high pressure and strong radiation, a sensorless control method is proposed to detect the position of synchronous reluctance special motor without relying on the position sensor. On the basis of vector control, the positive and negative alternating high-frequency square wave voltage signals are injected into the estimated d-axis, and corresponding high-frequency response current is generated in the estimated q-axis. The high-frequency response current contains the rotor position information of the motor. The rotor position information can be estimated through the rotor position observer, and the sensorless control of synchronous reluctance special motor can be realized. The simulation results show that the proposed method can achieve accurate control of the synchronous reluctance special motor under high temperature, high pressure and strong radiation conditions, and has the advantages of fast convergence, high accuracy and easy engineering implementation. -
图 1 估算两相旋转与实际两相旋转坐标系关系图
$ {\theta _{\text{e}}} $—实际转子位置角度；$ {\text{ }}{\hat \theta _{\text{e}}}{\text{ }} $—估计转子位置角度；$ {\theta _{{\text{err}}}} $—实际转子位置与估计的转子位置误差角， $ {\text{ }}{\theta _{{\text{err}}}} = {\text{ }}{\theta _{\text{e}}} - {\hat \theta _{\text{e}}}{\text{ }} $ 。
Figure 1. Relationship between Estimated Two-Phase Rotation and Actual Two-Phase Rotation Coordinate System
图 2 SynR型特种电机转子位置观测器
PI—比例积分调节器；$ {\hat \omega _{\text{e}}} $—估计的转子转速
Figure 2. SynR Special Motor Rotor Position Observer
图 3 SynR型特种电机低速无传感器控制原理框图
MTPA—最大转矩控制；SVPWM—空间矢量脉宽调制；iɑ、iß—αβ轴电流；iɑf、ißf—αβ轴的基频电流；idf、iqf—dq轴的基频电流；$ \omega _{_e}^* $—给定的转子转速；id*、iq*—给定的dq轴基频电流
Figure 3. SynR Special Motor Low-Speed Sensorless Control Principle Block Diagram
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