Study on Thermal Stratification Characteristics of a New Pressurizer Surge Line
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摘要: 为缓解核动力装置下层空间布置紧张问题，提出一种新的波动管和电加热元件水槽结构方式的稳压器设计方案，探讨新型稳压器波动管热分层特性。新型稳压器新增了位于稳压器的上部空间并内置水平插入电加热元件的水槽，波动管改为从稳压器上封头接入，以减少杂质进入主回路。研究针对新型稳压器波动管结构的波入与波出工况，通过RELAP5系统分析结果作为边界，使用FLUENT大涡模型进行波动管三维流动换热仿真计算，获得热分层分布特征。研究结果表明，流动截面竖直方向上的热分层易发生在水平管段，而流动截面水平方向上的热分层易发生在稳压器出口处；2种工况下，波动管热分层产生的截面最大温差均在9 K以内，但波入工况会出现热流体淤积现象，造成长时间热分层，因此波入工况值得重点关注，最终2种工况研究结果都表明本结构波动管热分层带来的影响不大。Abstract: In order to relieve the stress of the lower space arrangement in the nuclear power plant, a new pressurizer design scheme with surge line and electric heating element water tank structure is proposed in this study, and the thermal stratification characteristics of the pressurizer surge line are discussed. The new pressurizer has a new water tank located in its upper part with an inserted horizontal electric heating element, and the surge line is connected from the upper head of the pressurizer to reduce impurities into the main loop. Aiming at the in-surge and out-surge scenarios of the new pressurizer surge line, the three-dimensional flow and heat transfer simulation of surge line is carried out by using FLUENT large eddy model with the analysis results of RELAP5 system as the boundary, and the thermal stratification distribution characteristics are obtained. The results show that the thermal stratification in the vertical direction of the flow section is more likely to occur in the horizontal section of the surge line, while the thermal stratification in the horizontal direction of the flow section is easy to occur at the pressurizer outlet. In both in-surge and out-surge scenarios, the maximum temperature difference of the cross section caused by thermal stratification in the surge line is within 9K, but the phenomenon of thermal fluid deposition occurs in the in-surge condition, resulting in long-term thermal stratification, therefore, the in-surge condition deserves special attention. The results of both conditions show that the thermal stratification of the new structure has little influence.
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Key words:
- Surge line /
- Thermal stratification /
- New pressurizer /
- FLUENT /
- In-surge and out-surge scenarios
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图 2 波动管几何结构与温度监测位置示意图
R—曲率半径；a—稳压器筒内段，a0~a11—稳压器筒内段有12个温度监测点；b、c—稳压器顶部出口至第一个水平弯管段；d、e、f、g、h、i、j、k、l、m、n—每一个转角位置对应的截面；D—波动管内径；括号内数据表示距离波动管出口的距离
Figure 2. Schematic Diagram of Surge Line Geometry and Temperature Monitoring Location
图 5 波出工况波动管内流体的温度分布
Figure 5. Temperature Distribution of Fluid in Surge Line under Out-surge Condition
图 6 波出工况流体截面竖直与水平方向上边界处的温差随流动时间演化图
Figure 6. Temperature Difference at Boundary of Vertical and Horizontal Direction of Fluid Section with Time under out-surge Condition
图 7 波出工况流体域的中轴线温度与温度监测点温度随流动时间演化图
Figure 7. Temperature of Central Axis of Fluid Region and Temperature of Temperature Monitoring Point with Time under out-surge Condition
图 8 波入工况波动管内流体的温度分布
Figure 8. Temperature Distribution of Fluid in Surge Line under In-surge Condition
图 9 波入工况竖直与水平方向边界处的温差随流动时间演化图
Figure 9. Temperature Difference at Boundary of Vertical and Horizontal Direction of Fluid Section with Time under in-surge Condition
图 10 波入工况流体域中轴线温度与监测点温度随流动时间演化图
Figure 10. Temperature of Central Axis of Fluid Region and Temperature of Monitoring Point with Time under in-surge Condition
表 1 波出与波入工况下波动管恒温区范围与温度值
Table 1. Constant Temperature Range and Value of Surge Line under In-surge and Out-surge Scenarios
恒温区域名称 轴向长度/m 波出工况下温度值/K 波入工况下温度值/K 区域1 0.75 615.15 615.15 区域 2 0.0615 615.15 615.15 区域3 0.0615 615.15 615.15 区域4 0.5435 615.15 615.15 区域5 0.5435 615.15 615.15 区域6 0.5435 615.15 615.15 区域7 0.5435 615.15 615.15 区域8 0.5435 615.15 615.15 区域9 0.5435 613.97 615.15 区域10 0.3291 613.34 615.15 区域11 0.3291 613.43 615.15 区域12 0.3291 613.41 614.09 区域13 0.3291 613.43 610.95 区域14 0.75 613.46 605.4 
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表 2 波出与波入工况下的边界条件
Table 2. Boundary Conditions of In-surge and Out-surge Scenarios
参数名 波出工况下参数值 波入工况下参数值 速度/(m·s−1) 0.02 −0.02 温度/K 615.15 596.55 湍流强度/% 4.65 4.65
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