Research on Control Strategy and Energy Storage Capacity Allocation under NAC and Frequency Regulation
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摘要: 针对核电参与一次调频，为减少核电机组动作次数，本研究提出核储一体化的调频模式，设计核储协同调频的控制策略。通过电池寿命分析，结合全年电网频率的大数据分析，搭建以储能成本最低为目标的求解模型，用改进粒子群算法寻优求得储能最佳容量。根据某电网一年的频率统计，以实际核电厂运行参数为例进行计算验证。研究结果表明，本文所提出的方案不仅可以使核电厂具备一次调频能力，而且能大大降低机组负荷变动次数。因此，本方案可以在实现核电厂参与一次调频的同时保证机组运行的安全。Abstract: For the participation of nuclear power in primary frequency regulation, this study proposes a frequency regulation mode with integration of nuclear power and chemical storage, and the control strategy of frequency regulation with integrated nuclear power and chemical storage is designed. Through the analysis of battery life, combined with the big data analysis of annual power grid frequency, a solution model aiming at the lowest energy storage cost is established, and the optimal energy storage capacity is obtained by using the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm. Based on the frequency statistics of a power grid for one year, the actual operating parameters of the nuclear power plant are taken as the example for calculation and verification. The results show that the proposed scheme cannot only enable the nuclear power plant for primary frequency regulation, but also greatly reduce the number of unit load changes. Therefore, this study can ensure the safety of unit operation while realizing the participation of nuclear power plants in primary frequency regulation.
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图 2 储能循环次数与放电深度关系曲线图
Figure 2. Relationship between the Number of Energy Storage Cycles and the Depth of Discharge
图 3 基于BA-PSO算法储能容量求解流程
Figure 3. Solving Process of Energy Storage Capacity Based on BA-PSO Algorithm
图 4 某核电厂2022年频率波动数据概率统计
Figure 4. Probability Statistics of Frequency Fluctuation Data of a Power Plant in 2022
图 5 某核电厂四季典型工作日频率数据
Figure 5. Typical Weekday Frequency Data of a Nuclear Power Plant for Four Seasons
表 1 某型号锂电池放电深度与循环寿命对应关系
Table 1. Correspondence between Depth of Discharge and Cycle Life of a Model of Lithium Battery
放电深度 循环寿命/次 放电深度 循环寿命/次 0.1 40000 0.6 9500 0.2 27000 0.7 7500 0.3 20000 0.8 6000 0.4 15000 0.9 5000 0.5 12000 1.0 4000 
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表 2 某核电厂夏季典型工作日调频结果对比
Table 2. Comparison of Typical Weekday Frequency Regulation Results in Summer of a Nuclear Power Plant
运行方式 平均调节
时间/s控制棒动作
次数/次最高上调
功率/MW最低下调
功率/MW核电机组 30 326 22 22 核储一体化系统 4 6 22 0
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