Study on First Cycle Loading of PWR Nuclear Power Plant Based on Multi-reactor Management
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摘要: 堆芯装载方案是关系到电厂经济性和安全性最为关键的设计内容之一，而传统的首循环装载方案由于采用全堆全新燃料组件的方式，不可避免地导致一批从首循环中卸出的组件无法继续使用，燃料经济性与堆芯经济性均欠佳，亟需开展燃料经济性更优，燃料组件使用更为合理的首循环装载设计方法研究。本文提出了基于群堆管理的压水堆核电厂首循环装载设计方法，通过多机组燃料组件的共享使用，将多个机组的首循环进行群堆设计，提高首循环使用的新燃料组件富集度，实现循环长度需求，在保证各机组循环长度的基础上减少新燃料组件数目，可显著提高燃料利用率和首循环卸料组件燃耗，实现了机组经济性的显著提升，以华龙一号堆芯开展验证，结果表明，群堆管理模式下，在循环长度相当的情况下可实现双机组减少41组新燃料组件，堆芯各项参数满足设计限值要求，可为后续机组首循环装载设计提升核能经济性和竞争力提供参考。Abstract: The core loading pattern is one of the most crucial design components for the effectiveness and safety of a power plant. As new fuel assemblies are used for whole core in the traditional first cycle loading pattern, many discharged assemblies from the first cycle will unavoidably be abandoned, resulting in insufficient fuel and core economy. Therefore, it is imperative to conduct research on approach for the first cycle loading design with improved fuel economy and more rational fuel assembly utilization. In this paper, a design method for the first cycle loading of PWR nuclear power plant based on multi-reactor management is proposed. By sharing the fuel assemblies of multiple units, the first cycle of multiple units is designed as multi-reactor, so as to improve the enrichment of new fuel assemblies used in the first cycle and meet the cycle length requirements. Reducing the number of new fuel assemblies on the basis of ensuring the cycle length of each unit can significantly improve the fuel utilization rate and the burnup of the first cycle unloading assembly, realizing a significant increase in the unit's economy. A representative HPR1000 reactor is used for verification. The results demonstrate that 41 new fuel assemblies can be reduced in two units with the same cycle length under the multi-reactor mode, and all the core parameters are within the design limits. This study can provide reference for the first cycle loading design of subsequent units to enhance the economy and competitiveness of nuclear energy.
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Key words:
- Multi-reactor management /
- First cycle loading /
- Fuel efficiency
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图 1 群堆管理双机组首循环装载设计流程
Figure 1. Flow Chart of First Cycle Loading under Two-unit Management Mode
表 1 机组A首循环堆芯装载方案主要参数
Table 1. Main Parameters for Unit A's First Cycle Core Loading Pattern
参数 机组A设计方案 设计限值 循环长度/[MW·d·t−1(U)] 17281 首循环长度/EFPD 442 寿期内最大FΔH 1.46 1.63 寿期内最大FQ 2.32 2.45 慢化剂温度系数 −1.855 ≤0 寿期末停堆裕量/pcm 3669 2800 组件最大燃耗/[MW·d·t−1(U)] 24168 52000 EFPD—等效满功率天；1pcm=10−5 
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表 2 机组A卸出堆芯燃料组件列表
Table 2. List of Unit A's Discharged Fuel Assemblies
编号 初始富集度/% 燃耗/[MW·d·t−1(U)] 反应性 1 2.4 18778 1.01969 2 2.4 19168 1.01198 3 2.4 19511 1.01152 4 2.4 19349 1.01054 5 2.4 19505 1.00928 6 2.4 19913 1.00824 7 2.4 19974 1.00750 8 2.4 19933 1.00708 9 2.4 20020 1.00633 10 2.4 20355 1.00601 … … … …
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表 3 群堆管理下双机组堆芯装载方案主要参数对比
Table 3. Comparison of Main Parameters for Loading Pattern under Two-unit Management Mode
参数 机组A设计
方案机组B设计
方案设计限值 循环长度/[MW·d·t−1(U)] 17281 17145 首循环长度/EFPD 442 438 寿期内最大FΔH 1.46 1.51 1.63 寿期内最大FQ 2.32 2.36 2.45 慢化剂温度系数 −1.855 −0.688 ≤0 寿期末停堆裕量/pcm 3669 4733 2800 组件最大燃耗/[MW·d·t−1(U)] 24168 38511 52000
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