Numerical Study on Characteristics of Subcooled Flow Boiling with the Coupling Effect of 3×3 Petal-Shaped Fuel Rods and Coolant
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摘要: 为推动花瓣形燃料棒在水冷堆中的工程应用，必须了解冷却剂在花瓣形燃料棒束子通道内过冷流动沸腾特性。为此，本研究采用欧拉两流体模型和壁面沸腾模型，开展了3×3花瓣形燃料棒-冷却剂耦合作用下过冷流动沸腾数值研究。利用模拟结果探究不同子通道内空泡份额、壁面温度、横向流速等参数分布，以及均匀加热方式与轴向余弦加热方式对流动与换热的影响。结果表明，角燃料棒上最先出现过冷沸腾，随着加热功率增加，角、边、中心燃料棒上的过冷沸腾起始点（ONB）位置不均匀性减小；在相同加热条件下，角燃料棒上ONB处壁面过热度最大，其次是边燃料棒，中心燃料棒最小；燃料棒内凹弧处表面热流密度大于外凸弧处。总加热量一定的条件下，余弦加热和均匀加热相比，其壁面分布不均匀性降低。
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关键词:
- 小型反应堆 /
- 花瓣形燃料棒 /
- 过冷沸腾 /
- 过冷沸腾起始点（ONB）
Abstract: In order to promote the engineering application of petal-shaped fuel rods in water-cooled reactors, it is necessary to understand the subcooled flow boiling characteristics of coolant in the sub-channels of petal-shaped fuel rod bundles. The Euler model and wall boiling model were applied to numerically simulate the subcooled flow boiling under the coupling effect of 3×3 petal-shaped fuel rods and coolant. Using the simulation results, the distribution of parameters such as void fraction, wall temperature and transverse flow velocity in different sub-channels, as well as the effects of uniform heating mode and axial cosine heating mode on flow and heat transfer were explored. The research results indicate that subcooled boiling occurs first on corner fuel rods, and with the increase of heating power, the position unevenness of onset of nucleate boilding (ONB) of subcooled boiling of the corner, edge and center fuel rods decreases. Under the same heating conditions, the wall superheat at ONB on the corner fuel rod is the largest, followed by the edge fuel rod and the center fuel rod is the smallest. The surface heat flux at the inner concave arc of the fuel rod is greater than that at the outer convex arc. Under the condition of constant total heating, cosine heating reduces the non-uniformity of wall temperature compared with uniform heating. -
图 1 燃料棒布置方式及网格划分图
R2—外弧半径；R1—内弧半径；LP—棒间距；D—棒直径；hr—内外弧连接处长度；La—组件边长；HP—螺旋节距；L—模拟燃料棒长度
Figure 1. Fuel Rod Arrangement and Meshing
图 3 过冷沸腾起始点随体积释热率变化
ZONB—ONB位置相对于通道入口位置的轴向距离
Figure 3. ONB Change with Volumetric Heat Rate
图 6 均匀体积释热率加热方式下轴向归一化速度
Figure 6. Axial Normalized Velocity with Uniform Volume Heating
图 10 均匀加热方式下周向壁面温度分布
Figure 10. Circumferential Wall Temperature Distribution with Uniform Heating
图 11 余弦加热方式下周向壁面温度分布
Figure 11. Circumferential Wall Temperature Distribution with Cosine Heating
图 12 沿流动方向平均流体温度和空泡份额变化
Figure 12. Change of Average Fluid Temperature and Void Fraction along Flow Direction
图 13 沿流动方向换热系数和淬火热流密度变化
Figure 13. Change of Heat Transfer Coefficient and Quenching Heat Flux along Flow Direction
图 14 燃料棒表面空泡份额轴向分布和截面温度分布
Figure 14. Axial Distribution of Void Fraction and Cross-section Temperature Distribution on the Surface of Fuel Rod
图 15 不同燃料棒壁面温度轴向分布
Figure 15. Axial Distribution of Wall Temperature of Different Fuel Rods
表 1 几何参数
Table 1. Geometric Parameters
几何参数 参数值 棒直径/外弧半径（D/R1） 5.147 节径比（LP/D） 1.07 HP/m 0.5 L/m 0.5 
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