Research and Application of Influence of Black Rod and Gray Rod on Control Rod Drop Time in Nuclear Power Plant
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摘要: 为实现核电厂控制棒组件落棒时间的更精细化管理，根据中国改进型三环路压水堆（CPR1000）和改进型中国压水堆（ACPR1000+）核电机组控制棒组件在落棒过程中的受力分析以及在11台机组中的试验结果，研究发现在机组调试启动阶段和运行期间，堆芯流量分配差异对控制棒组件落棒时间的影响可忽略不计，但黑棒和灰棒因材质不同所引起的质量差异对落棒时间影响明显，因灰棒较黑棒质量少8.5 kg，则灰棒较黑棒落棒时间平均长约4.6%，且试验结果与理论预期相符。据此，建议分别考虑黑棒和灰棒的落棒时间一致性检查，并首次提出了以5倍标准差作为落棒时间一致性检查评价验收准则，较原验收准则可实现更精准、更细化的落棒时间一致性评价。Abstract: In order to achieve more accurate and detailed drop time of control bank in nuclear power plant, based on the force analysis of control rod assembly in Chinese Pressurized Reacter 1000 MW (CPR1000) and Advanced Chinese Pressurized Reactor 1000 MW (ACPR1000+) nuclear power units and the test results of 11 units, it is found that the influence of core flow distribution difference on the drop time of control rod assembly is negligible during the commissioning and start-up of the units, but the influence of mass difference due to different materials of black rod and gray rod on the drop time is obvious. The average drop time of gray rod is about 4.6% longer than that of black rod because the mass of gray rod is 8.5 kg less than that of black rod. The test results are consistent with the theoretical expectation. Accordingly, it is suggested that the drop time consistency check of black rod and gray rod should be considered separately, and the acceptance criterion of drop time consistency check with 5 times standard deviation is put forward for the first time, which can achieve more accurate and detailed drop time consistency valuation than the original acceptance criterion.
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Key words:
- Black rod /
- Gray rod /
- Rod drop time /
- Influence analysis /
- New criterion
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图 1 黑棒和灰棒在反应堆堆芯中的布置图
SA、SB、SC、SD—停堆棒组；R—温度控制棒组；N、G—功率控制棒组
Figure 1. Arrangement Diagram of Black Rod and Gray Rod in Reactor Core
图 2 AZ-5号机组61束控制棒的落棒时间结果
Figure 2. Rod Drop Time Test Results of 61 Control Rods of Unit 5 in AZ Nuclear Power Plant
图 3 AZ-5号机组61束控制棒的落棒时间分布
注：方框中数据均为实测落棒时间
Figure 3. Distribution Diagram of Rod Drop Time of 61 Control Rods of Unit 5 in AZ Nuclear Power Plant
表 1 11台核电机组不同试验工况下灰棒较黑棒落棒时间增加比例对比
Table 1. Comparison of Increase Ratio of Drop Time of Gray Rod Compared with Black Rod under Different Test Conditions forEleven Units
机组 冷态工况下增加比例/% 热态工况下增加比例/% T4 T5 T6 T5+T6 Ttotal T4 T5 T6 T5+T6 Ttotal AA-1 −6.4 5.4 8.8 6.4 4.5 10.5 4.0 7.1 4.9 5.0 AA-2 11.0 4.5 7.8 5.5 4.1 −14.1 4.8 6.9 5.4 5.0 AA-3 −2.3 5.7 10.1 7.1 5.0 4.3 3.7 7.8 4.9 4.8 AA-4 2.3 5.6 6.6 5.9 4.3 2.4 4.3 7.6 5.2 5.2 AZ-5 2.8 5.4 9.6 6.8 5.0 3.2 3.9 7.6 5.0 5.0 AZ-6 −1.2 5.9 8.8 6.9 5.0 −0.5 2.8 7.7 4.3 4.1 PY-5 0.0 5.1 8.7 6.3 4.5 3.9 4.0 7.1 4.9 4.9 PY-6 1.9 5.2 9.0 6.5 4.7 −1.6 4.3 8.2 5.4 5.2 BL-1 3.3 4.7 7.5 5.6 4.1 −10.1 3.4 6.9 4.4 4.0 BL-2 4.5 4.5 6.3 5.1 3.7 5.3 3.2 5.0 3.7 3.8 AB-4 9.2 4.9 9.9 6.4 4.7 −13.7 4.1 9.0 5.5 4.9 平均值 2.3 5.2 8.5 6.2 4.5 −1.1 3.9 7.4 4.9 4.7 
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表 2 11台机组灰棒与黑棒落棒时间的标准差
Table 2. Standard Deviation of Drop Time of Gray Rod Compared with Black Rod for Eleven Units
机组 冷态工况 热态工况 黑棒 灰棒 黑棒 灰棒 ∆Tmax/ms δ/ms ∆Tmax/δ ∆Tmax/ms δ/ms ∆Tmax/δ ∆Tmax/ms δ/ms ∆Tmax/δ ∆Tmax/ms δ/ms ∆Tmax/δ AA-1 51.9 21.6 2.4 46.1 24.5 1.9 40.8 17.1 2.4 25.1 11.9 2.1 AA-2 69.2 26.5 2.6 60.7 30.4 2.0 30.4 15.7 1.9 31.3 17.6 1.8 AA-3 56.6 20.8 2.7 42.3 22.3 1.9 40.9 15.1 2.7 36.4 16.5 2.2 AA-4 64.2 21.6 3.0 67.1 33.0 2.0 34.9 14.4 2.4 20.5 10.2 2.0 AZ-5 44.7 17.5 2.6 41.7 18.0 2.3 33.9 13.1 2.6 27.0 12.2 2.2 AZ-6 73.7 23.4 3.1 43.7 21.2 2.1 54.2 20.0 2.7 18.7 9.9 1.9 PY-5 56.5 21.7 2.6 37.8 19.1 2.0 38.4 16.7 2.3 35.0 15.3 2.3 PY-6 57.8 18.1 3.2 37.8 19.4 1.9 30.9 13.7 2.3 34.3 20.2 1.7 BL-1 43.8 18.1 2.4 28.8 15.8 1.8 26.8 10.1 2.6 13.9 6.8 2.0 BL-2 55.4 24.4 2.3 19.4 10.9 1.8 33.5 15.7 2.1 44.4 14.9 3.0 AB-4 50.0 16.3 3.1 43.6 18.9 2.3 57.5 14.5 4.0 23.5 13.0 1.8 最大值 73.7 26.5 3.2 67.1 33.0 2.3 57.5 20.0 4.0 44.4 20.2 3.0 平均值 56.7 20.9 2.7 42.6 21.2 2.0 38.4 15.1 2.6 28.2 13.5 2.1
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表 3 BS-3号机组灰棒和黑棒落棒时间的标准差
Table 3. Standard Deviation of Drop Time of Gray Rod Compared with Black Rod for Unit 3 in BS Nuclear Power Plant
试验条件 黑棒 灰棒 ∆Tmax/ms δ/ms ∆Tmax/δ ∆Tmax/ms δ/ms ∆Tmax/δ 冷态工况 42.0 15.4 2.7 41.6 16.7 2.5 热态工况 45.0 14.2 3.2 25.3 12.0 2.1
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