Design and Optimization of Cascaded Thermoelectric Generators Based on Heat Pipe Reactor Applications
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摘要: 基于静默式热管冷却反应堆（简称热管堆）应用背景，结合热管堆能量转换系统几何结构及热工边界条件，利用有限元方法开展两段式和三段式级联热电器件（TEG）设计优化，研究级联式热电器件在不同热流密度条件下热电转换效率及输出功率等热电转换特性。研究结果表明，通过多段级联热电器件PN腿内部不同材料结构优化可以有效提升热电器件的热电转换效率，对于由方钴矿材料和半赫斯勒（HH）材料构成的两段式级联热电器件，在热流密度为162.5 kW/m2的热端边界条件下热电转换效率可以达到15.05%；对于由锑化铋材料、方钴矿材料和HH材料构成的三段式级联热电器件，在热流密度为90 kW/m2的热端边界条件下热电转换效率即可达到15.13%。
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关键词:
- 级联式热电器件（TEG） /
- 结构优化 /
- 有限元方法 /
- 热管冷却反应堆
Abstract: Based on the application background of silent heat pipe cooled reactor (heat pipe reactor), combined with the geometric structure and thermal boundary conditions of the energy conversion system of heat pipe reactor, the two-stage and three-stage cascaded thermoelectric generators (TEG) are designed and optimized using finite element method. The conversion efficiency and output power of cascaded TEG under different heat flux density conditions are studied. The research results indicate that the conversion efficiency can be effectively improved by optimizing the structure of different materials inside the PN legs of multi-stage cascaded TEG. For the two-stage TEG composed of skutterudite materials and half-heusler materials, the conversion efficiency can reach 15.05% under the hot-end boundary condition with a heat flux of 162.5 kW/m2. For the three-stage TEG composed of bismuth telluride, skutterudite and half-heusler, the conversion efficiency can reach 15.13% under the hot end boundary condition with a heat flux of 90 kW/m2. -
图 1 热电材料在各温度区间下的热电优值
Figure 1. Figure of Merit Thermoelectric Materials Across Temperature Ranges
图 3 三段式级联热电器件有限元模型网格敏感性分析
Figure 3. Mesh Sensitivity Analysis for Three-Stage TEG Model
图 5 热电系统输出功率和热电转换效率随热端温度变化
Figure 5. Output Power and Thermoelectric Conversion Efficiency of Thermoelectric System Vary with the Hot Side Temperature
图 6 P腿CoSb3归一化高度对热电转换效率的影响
Figure 6. Effect of Normalized Height of P-leg CoSb3 on Conversion Efficiency
图 8 热电器件各连接层温度随P腿CoSb3归一化高度的变化
Figure 8. TEG Internal Interface Temperature Versus Normalized Height of P-leg CoSb3
图 9 N腿CoSb3归一化高度对热电器件各连接层温度和热电转换效率的影响
Figure 9. Effect of Normalized Height of N-leg CoSb3 on TEG Internal Interface Temperature and Conversion Efficiency
图 10 两段式级联热电器件在热端热流密度130 kW/m2工况下的温度及电势分布
Figure 10. Temperature and Potential Distribution of Two-stage TEG under a Hot-Side Heat Flux Density of 130 kW/m2
图 11 两段式级联热电器件在不同热流密度条件下热电转换效率随外接电阻的变化
Figure 11. Two-stage TEG Conversion Efficiency Versus External Resistance under Different Heat Flux Conditions
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