Experimental Study on the Influence of Thermal Parameter Deviation on Steady-state Characteristic of Once-through Steam Generator
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摘要: 为研究额定工况条件下直流蒸汽发生器各热工参数（一次侧平均温度、给水温度、负荷和蒸汽压力）发生设计偏离对其稳态特性的影响，开展了针对直流蒸汽发生器原型设计典型栅元的热工水力实验。实验工况范围：一次侧平均温度297~304℃，负荷100%FP~104%FP（FP表示满功率），蒸汽压力4.0~5.8 MPa，给水温度138~152℃。实验结果表明，各热工参数偏离主要影响蒸汽发生器出口蒸汽温度、换热功率和二次侧压降；一次侧平均温度发生设计偏离对蒸汽温度的影响最大；在各热工参数同时发生设计偏离条件下，出口蒸汽温度随蒸汽压力增加而减小。Abstract: In order to study the influence of design deviation of thermal parameters (average temperature of primary side, feed water temperature, load and steam pressure) on the steady-state characteristics of once-through steam generator (OTSG) under rated conditions, the thermal-hydraulic experiment of typical cells for prototype design of OTSG is carried out. The experimental conditions are as follows: the average temperature of primary side is 297-304℃, the load is 100%FP-104%FP (full power), the steam pressure is 4.0-5.8 MPa, and the feed water temperature is 138-152℃. The experimental results show that the deviation of thermal parameters mainly affects the outlet steam temperature, heat transfer power and secondary side pressure drop of OTSG. The design deviation of the average temperature of primary side has the greatest influence on the steam temperature. The outlet steam temperature decreases with the increase of steam pressure under the condition that the design deviation of each thermal parameter occurs at the same time.
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图 3 额定工况蒸汽压力对蒸汽温度的影响
Figure 3. Effect of Steam Pressure on Steam Temperature under Rated Condition
图 4 额定工况蒸汽压力对二次侧压降的影响
Figure 4. Effect of Steam Pressure on Pressure Drop of the Secondary Side under Rated Condition
图 5 额定工况蒸汽压力对换热功率的影响
Figure 5. Effect of Steam Pressure on Heat Transfer Power under Rated Condition
图 6 单相水/过热蒸汽比热曲线
Figure 6. Variation Curves of Specific Heat of Single-phase Water/Superheated Steam with Temperature
图 7 额定工况各参数偏离对蒸汽温度的影响
Figure 7. Effect of Thermal Parameter Deviation on Steam Temperature under Rated Condition
图 8 额定工况各参数偏离对二次侧压降的影响
Figure 8. Effect of Thermal Parameter Deviation on Pressure Drop of the Secondary Side under Rated Condition
图 9 额定工况各参数偏离对换热功率的影响
Figure 9. Effect of Thermal Parameter Deviation on Heat Transfer Power under Rated Condition
图 10 各参数偏离组合对蒸汽温度的影响
Figure 10. Effect of Thermal Parameter Deviation Combination on Steam Temperature
图 11 各参数偏离组合对蒸汽过热度的影响
Figure 11. Effect of Thermal Parameter Deviation Combination on Steam Superheat
图 12 各参数偏离组合对二次侧压降的影响
Figure 12. Effect of Thermal Parameter Deviation Combination on Pressure Drop of the Secondary Side
图 13 各参数偏离组合对换热功率的影响
Figure 13. Effect of Thermal Parameter Deviation Combination on Heat Transfer Power
图 15 额定工况蒸汽温度实验值与计算值对比
Figure 15. Comparison between Experimental Data and Calculated Values of Steam Temperature under Rated Condition
图 16 各参数偏离组合工况蒸汽温度实验值与计算值对比
Figure 16. Comparison between Experimental Data and Calculated Values of Steam Temperature under Thermal Parameter Deviation Combination
表 1 额定工况实验参数
Table 1. Experimental Parameters of Rated Condition
参数 数值 一次侧压力/MPa 15.0 一次侧流量（单根管）/(kg·h−1) 426.1 一次侧平均温度/℃ 303 蒸汽压力/MPa 4.0、4.5、5.0、5.5 给水温度/℃ 140 负荷/%FP 100 
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表 2 偏离工况实验参数
Table 2. Experimental Parameters of Deviation Condition
参数名 设计偏离值 偏离后数值 一次侧压力/MPa 15.0 一次侧流量（单根管）/(kg·h−1) 426.1 一次侧平均温度/℃ −5 298 蒸汽压力/MPa +0.3 4.3、4.8、5.3、5.8 给水温度/℃ +10 150 负荷/%FP 3.5 103.5
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