Research on Optimization Control of Nuclear Power Plant Coordination System Based on ESO-MPC
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摘要: 核岛与常规岛的调节特性具有较大差异，需要协调核岛与常规岛进行同步控制才能取得较好的控制效果，研究协调控制系统的优化控制策略具有重要意义。本文针对核电厂堆机协调控制系统容易出现扰动的现象，提出了一种基于扩张状态观测器（ESO）的模型预测控制（MPC）算法。所提出的方法通过使用ESO来精确估计外部干扰，然后将扰动估计值整合到MPC的滚动优化过程中，实现预测模型的自适应校正，从而得出所需的优化控制率。在仿真试验中，本文所提算法与比例积分微分控制和多变量模型预测控制器的效果进行了对比，结果显示，本文所提算法具有较好的表现效果。在机组负荷设定值扰动的场景中，本文所提算法的主蒸汽压力与机组负荷均方误差分别为0.06和0.02，明显优于其他两种算法。本文所提算法能够使得核电机组协调控制系统在存在外部干扰情况下实现精确的控制性能。
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关键词:
- 核电机组 /
- 协调控制 /
- 模型预测控制（MPC） /
- 扩张状态观测器（ESO） /
- 扰动误差
Abstract: The regulation characteristics of nuclear island and conventional island are quite different, so it is necessary to coordinate the synchronous control of nuclear island and conventional island to achieve better control effect. It is of great significance to study the optimal control strategy of coordinated control system. In this paper, a model predictive control (MPC) algorithm based on extended state observer (ESO) is proposed to solve the problem that the coordinated control system of nuclear power plant is prone to disturbance. The proposed method accurately estimates the external disturbance by using ESO, and then integrates the disturbance estimation value into the rolling optimization process of MPC to realize the adaptive correction of the prediction model, thereby obtaining the required optimization control rate. In the simulation experiment, the algorithm proposed in this paper was compared with the performance of proportional integral differential control and multivariable model predictive controller, and the results showed that the algorithm proposed in this paper had good performance. In the scenario of unit load setting disturbance, the mean square error of main steam pressure and unit load by the proposed algorithm is 0.06 and 0.02 respectively, which is significantly better than the other two algorithms. The algorithm proposed in this paper can enable the coordinated control system of nuclear power units to achieve precise control performance in the presence of external disturbances. -
图 1 压水堆核电机组的主要结构
Figure 1. Main Structure of Pressurized Water Reactor Nuclear Power Unit
表 1 控制效果分析
Table 1. Control Effect Analysis
算法 工况 1 工况 2 工况 3 MSE(Ne) MSE(ps) MSE(Ne) MSE(ps) MSE(Ne) MSE(ps) PID 0.52 21.05 8.61 310.16 1.1×10−4 2.5×10−3 MPC 1.24 3.35 26.55 305.58 7.5×10−5 6.8×10−4 ESO-MPC 0.02 0.06 0.07 277.40 1.5×10−8 5.1×10−6 
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