Experimental Study on Start-up Characteristics of Arterial Sodium Heat Pipe with High Ratio of Length to Diameter
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摘要: 为了对热管堆的研发提供支撑，本文设计并搭建了高温压缩空气冷却的热管传热实验平台，对大长径比干道钠热管的启动特性开展实验研究。实验结果表明：①热管启动过程前期高温压缩空气提高了冷凝段温度，有利于热管内部钠蒸气形成连续流动，加快热管冷态启动的速度；②启动过程中为冷凝段预热，钠蒸气温度得到提升，可以有效避免遭遇声速极限现象，提高热管成功启动的概率。本文实验结果可为大长径比干道钠热管冷态启动方式的优化提供数据与理论支持。
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关键词:
- 热管堆 /
- 大长径比干道钠热管 /
- 启动特性 /
- 高温压缩空气冷却实验
Abstract: To support the research and development of heat pipe reactors, this study designed and constructed a high-temperature compressed air cooling experimental platform to investigate the startup characteristics of high length-diameter arterial sodium heat pipes. The analysis results demonstrate the following: ① In the initial stage of the heat pipe startup process, high-temperature compressed air elevates the temperature of the condensation section, which facilitates the formation of a continuous flow of sodium vapor within the heat pipe, thereby accelerating the cold-state startup speed of the heat pipe; ② During the startup process, preheating of the condensation section enhances the temperature of the sodium vapor, effectively preventing the occurrence of sonic limit phenomenon, and consequently, increases the probability of successful heat pipe startup. The results in this paper provide data and theoretical support for the optimization of the cold start-up mode of the arterial sodium heat pipe with large length-diameter ratio. -
图 1 高温压缩空气冷却的热管传热实验平台
Figure 1. Experimental Platform for Heat Transfer Capability of High-temperature Compressed Air Cooling Heat Pipes
图 4 干道钠热管启动过程中壁面温度分布
Figure 4. Wall Temperature Distribution During the Startup of Arterial Sodium Heat Pipe
图 5 热管的实际运行温度和声速极限的理论温度随输入功率的变化曲线
Figure 5. Variation Curves of the Actual Operating Temperature of Heat Pipe and the Theoretical Temperature of Sonic Limit with Input Power
图 7 热管等效热阻随输入功率的分布
Figure 7. Distribution of Equivalent Thermal Resistance of Heat Pipes with Power
表 1 热管参数
Table 1. Heat Pipe Parameters
结构参数 参数值 结构参数 参数值 总长度/m 2.5 蒸发段长度/m 1.1 外径/mm 20 绝热段长度/m 0.2 壁面厚度/mm 1 冷凝段长度/m 1.2 
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表 2 实验工况
Table 2. Experimental Conditions
输入功率/kW 质量流量/
(kg·s−1)气体进出口
温差/℃预热
功率/kW加热器
温度/℃0.3 0.0078 84.2 2.0 700 0.6 85.3 0.9 85.4 1.2 84.5 1.5 83.1 1.8 62.3 2.1 23.8 2.4 −9.2
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