Study on Automatic Plant Startup and Shutdown Operation Schemme for Gas-cooled Micro Reactor
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摘要: 气冷微堆作为微型核电源,可以为偏远地区微电网提供可靠电源。由于气冷微堆具有输出功率小、建造地址偏僻等特点,同时考虑经济性,应尽可能降低其运行配置来提高气冷微堆自动化运行能力,因此需要大力开展气冷微堆自动化运行的研究。自启停控制系统(APS)是气冷微堆实现自动化运行的一项关键技术。本文提出了一种气冷微堆自启停运行方案的设计方法。基于气冷微堆系统设计及特性,首先对启停过程进行策略分析,再开展APS设计和顺控逻辑模型构建,最后对APS设计方案进行仿真验证。验证结果表明,对于启停过程执行APS逻辑,其重要参数的变化曲线符合逻辑预期结果。因此,本文提出的气冷微堆自启停运行方案设计方法有效可行。Abstract: Gas-cooled micro reactor (referred to as "micro-reactor"), as a micro-nuclear power source, can provide reliable power supply for the micro-grid in remote areas. Because of the characteristics of small output power and remote construction location, and considering the economic impact, it is necessary to reduce the personnel intervention as much as possible to improve the automatic operation capability of the gas-cooled micro reactor. Therefore, it needs to vigorously carry out research on the automatic operation of the gas-cooled micro reactor. The application of automatic startup and shutdown control system (APS) is a key technology to realize the automatic operation. This paper introduces the design method for the automatic startup and shutdown operation of gas-cooled micro reactor. Based on the system design and characteristics of micro reactor, firstly, the startup and shutdown processes are analyzed, then APS design and sequential control logic model construction are carried out, and finally the APS design scheme of the micro reactor is simulated and verified. The verification results show that for the implementation of APS logic in startup and shutdown processes, the change curves of important parameters are in line with the expected results of logic. Therefore, the design method of automatic startup and shutdown of micro reactor proposed in this paper is effective and feasible.
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表 1 启动过程主要设备状态和参数的APS预期结果
Table 1. Expected Indexes of Main Equipment Status and Parameters during Startup Process
启动过程主要设备及参数 APS预期结果 氦气供应与贮存系统真空泵、热交换器支路阀门 打开→关闭 氦气供应与贮存系统压缩机支路阀门 打开 热阱旁路管道阀门 打开且投自动 循环水泵 投运 循环水泵母管阀门 打开 间/预冷器流量阀门 打开且投自动 透平旁路调节阀 打开且投自动 热阱4条支路流量 热阱旁路流量达到设计定值F1 真空泵支路流量达到设计
定值F2氦气压缩机支路流量达到设计定值F3 氦气净化热交换器支路流量达到设计定值F4 间/预冷器流量 流量达到系统设计定值 间/预冷器温度 温度达到系统设计定值 热阱循环水总流量 变化趋势:0→1台泵投运流量→2台泵投运流量→3台泵投运流量 透平转速 变化趋势:0→最小循环转
速→额定转速反应堆功率 达到厂用电功率平台 表 2 停运过程主要设备状态与参数的APS预期结果
Table 2. Expected Indexes of Main Equipment Status and Parameters during Shutdown Process
停运过程主要设备与参数 APS预期结果 循环水泵 关闭 循环水泵母管阀门 关闭 氦气供应与贮存系统压缩机支路阀门 关闭 透平旁路调节阀 退出自动且关闭 间/预冷器流量阀门 退出自动且关闭 热阱旁路管道阀门 退出自动且关闭 热阱循环水总流量 变化趋势:三台泵投运流量→两台泵投运流量→单台泵投运流量→0 透平转速 变化趋势:额定转速→最小循环转速→0 反应堆功率 从厂用电功率平台至停堆 -
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