Structure Optimization of Bottom Nozzle for Flow Resistance- Filtration-Bearing Performance
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摘要: 为实现燃料组件下管座的冷却剂压降、异物过滤和结构承载等多种性能的综合提升，本研究提出了一种多目标优化方法。该方法以冷却剂压降和异物过滤效率为目标，优化下管座的关键尺寸参数，并以六边形下管座为例开展了尺寸优化研究。结果表明，采用该方法下管座的冷却剂压降和异物过滤的优化幅度分别达到12.5%和6.3%，并且优化后的最大应力同步降低14.0%，性能提升效果显著。本研究建立的多目标优化方法具有通用性，能够适用于其他类型下管座的结构优化以提升其综合性能。Abstract: To improve the comprehensive performance of the bottom nozzle, including coolant pressure drop, debris filtration, and load-bearing of structure, a multi-objective optimization approach was proposed to optimize the key dimensional parameters of the bottom nozzle with the goal of coolant pressure drop and debris filtration efficiency. Based on the approach, size optimization was conducted using the hexagonal bottom nozzle as an example. The results showed that the pressure drop and filtration efficiency were optimized by 12.5% and 6.3%, respectively. Meanwhile, the maximum stress was reduced by 14.0%, confirming a significant enhancement of the comprehensive performance. Furthermore, the multi-objective optimization approach is universal for the structural optimization of various types of bottom nozzle to improve its comprehensive performance.
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图 2 压降和过滤效率耦合计算流程
Figure 2. Flowchart of Coupled Calculation of Pressure Drop and Filtration Efficiency
图 6 过滤效率对于设计参数的敏感性
Figure 6. Sensitivity of Filtration Efficiency to Design Parameters
表 1 设计尺寸初始值与变化范围
Table 1. Initial Values and Variation Range of the Design Parameters
尺寸 L1/mm L2/mm D/mm H1/mm H2/mm 初始值 5.0 5.0 3.0 10.0 110.0 变化范围 4.5~5.5 4.5~5.5 2.7~3.3 9.0~11.0 100.0~110.0 
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表 2 基于DOE方法的设计尺寸样本点
Table 2. Sample Points of Design Parameters Based on DOE Method
序号 L1/mm L2/mm D/mm H1/mm H2/mm 1 4.92 4.94 2.83 10.81 107.50 2 5.02 5.41 3.12 10.31 105.51 3 4.76 5.38 3.00 10.08 104.49 4 4.64 4.61 2.89 10.60 101.47 5 4.86 5.26 2.93 10.53 101.97 6 5.47 5.46 3.23 9.51 103.70 7 5.19 4.89 2.96 9.23 109.51 8 4.98 4.77 3.18 9.43 109.06 9 5.24 5.09 3.10 10.44 106.06 10 5.15 5.00 2.98 9.87 102.95 11 5.28 4.80 2.87 10.20 103.25 12 5.41 5.22 3.07 9.97 104.59 13 4.74 4.70 2.80 9.71 102.34 14 4.57 4.69 2.78 10.93 100.46 15 5.10 4.52 3.04 10.18 108.86 16 4.83 4.58 2.74 9.19 107.73 17 5. 40 5.20 3.16 9.70 106.79 18 4.53 5.02 2.70 9.38 108.00 19 4.67 5.32 3.27 9.03 100.86 20 5.34 5.14 3.24 10.73 105.37
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表 3 优化前后尺寸对比
Table 3. Comparison between Initial and Optimized Sizes
尺寸 L1/mm L2/mm D/mm H1/mm H2/mm 优化前 5.00 5.00 3.00 10.00 110.00 优化后 4.65 5.00 2.93 9.69 105.14
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表 4 优化前后性能对比
Table 4. Comparison between Initial and Optimized Performances
压降/Pa 不同异物的过滤效率/% 最大应力/
MPaΦ1.0 mm×
8 mmΦ1.0 mm×
16 mmΦ1.5 mm×
8 mm初始值 3497.4 90 93 92 130.66 优化值 3059.7 97 100 97 112.43 改善量/% 12.5 7 7 5 14.0
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