Numerical Simulation of Wall Condensation Phenomenon of Steam in Containment Based on Code HYDRAGON
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摘要: 为模拟核电厂严重事故下安全壳内水蒸气的壁面冷凝现象,在安全壳氢气分析专用计算流体力学(CFD)程序HYDRAGON中加入壁面冷凝模型。该模型根据传质传热类比原理建立,为Navier-Stokes方程组提供相关的边界条件、质量源项和能量源项。为验证程序和模型的有效性,从公开发表的文献中选取TOSQAN实验作为测试算例,并与模拟结果进行比较。研究显示,该冷凝模型的计算结果与实验数据吻合较好。对计算结果的分析,也说明了壁面冷凝现象所产生的作用:一方面,壁面冷凝减少了体系中的水蒸气含量,抑制了安全壳内压力的升高,同时也使不可凝气体(如氢气)的比例上升;另一方面,因冷凝现象而引起的壁面附近对流换热也加强了体系内气体的流动,这将不利于在安全壳顶部形成稳定的氢气分层,从而降低氢气爆炸风险。
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关键词:
- 计算流体力学 /
- HYDRAGON程序 /
- 壁面冷凝模型 /
- TOSQAN实验
Abstract: In order to simulate the wall condensation phenomenon of steam in containment during a severe accident in a nuclear power plant, a wall condensation model is added in code HYDRAGON, a computational fluid dynamics(CFD) code specialized for the containment hydrogen analysis. The model, which is established on the analogy theory between heat and mass transference, provides boundary condition, mass source and heat source for Navier-Stokes equations. In order to validate the model and the code, a TOSQAN experiment is selected from published literatures as a test case to be compared with the simulation results. The study manifests that the computation results agree well with the experiment data. An analysis of the results also shows that the wall condensation phenomenon works in two aspects. On one hand, wall condensation decreases the amount of steam and mitigates the increase of pressure in the containment. Meanwhile, the percentage of non-condensable gases(e.g. hydrogen) increases. On the other hand, the near-wall convective heat transfer caused by condensation intensifies the flow of gas in the system. It is unfavorable for the formation of a stable stratification zone of hydrogen at the top of containment and can reduce the hazard of hydrogen explosion.-
Key words:
- Computational fluid dynamics /
- HYDRAGON code /
- Wall condensation model /
- TOSQAN test
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