Experimental Study on Fretting Wear Behavior of Nuclear TP316H Steel in Liquid Lead-Bismuth at Different Temperatures
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摘要: 针对液态铅铋共晶合金（LBE）环境下温度对核用TP316H钢微动磨损性能的影响，采用自主搭建的高温液态LBE微动磨损试验装置，研究不同温度下TP316H钢的微动磨损行为。研究了不同温度对其微动磨损性能的影响，分析了不同循环次数下微动磨损的演变规律。结果表明，200℃与300℃时，TP316H钢微动处于混合滑移状态，400℃时微动处于完全滑移状态。温度的升高会加速材料表面及磨屑的软化，同时加剧氧化磨损，导致第三体层的快速形成，减小磨损率，但高温更易发生Ni元素的溶解腐蚀。通过对400℃时磨损演变规律研究发现，微动初期磨损机制表现为剥层磨损与黏着磨损；中间阶段表现为氧化磨损与疲劳磨损；后期则转变为氧化磨损与磨粒磨损，还有少量黏着磨损。Abstract: In view of the influence of temperature on the fretting wear performance of nuclear TP316H steel in liquid Lead-Bismuth eutectic alloy(LBE), the fretting wear behavior of TP316H steel at different temperatures was studied by using an independent high temperature liquid LBE fretting wear test device. The influence of different temperature on fretting wear performance was studied, and the evolution rule of fretting wear under different cycles was analyzed. The results show that at 200℃ and 300℃, fretting wear behavior regime of TP316H steel is mixed fretting regime, and at 400℃, fretting wear behavior regime is total sliding regime. The increase of temperature will accelerate the softening of the material surface and wear debris, and at the same time aggravate the oxidation wear, resulting in the rapid formation of the third body layer and reduce the wear rate. However, high temperature is more likely to cause dissolution corrosion of Ni element. By studying the wear evolution rule at 400℃, it is found that the wear mechanism at the initial fretting stage is characterized by peeling wear and adhesive wear. The intermediate stage is characterized by oxidation wear and fatigue wear. In the later stage, it turns to oxidation wear, abrasive wear, and a small amount of adhesive wear.
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Key words:
- Lead-Bismuth eutectic alloy /
- TP316H /
- Temperature, Fretting wear test /
- Wear mechanism
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图 1 高温液态LBE微动磨损试验装置示意图
1—升降小车；2—隔热套；3—加热圈；4—铅铋罐；5—热电偶；6—台架；7—音圈电机；8—微动轴；9—夹具；10—加载块；11—管试样；12—对磨副；13—控制器。
Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of High Temperature Liquid LBE Fretting Wear Test Device
图 2 不同温度下TP316H钢的磨痕光镜形貌
Figure 2. Light Microscope Micrographs of Worn Scar of TP316H Steel under Different Temperatures
图 3 不同温度下TP316H钢的磨痕三维形貌和截面轮廓深度图
Figure 3. Three Dimensional Morphology and Sectional Depth Profiles of Worn Scar of TP316H Steel under Different Temperatures
图 4 3种温度下TP316H钢磨痕的磨损数据
Figure 4. Wear Data of Worn Scar of TP316H Steel under Three Different Temperatures
图 5 不同温度下TP316H钢的磨痕SEM形貌与EDS能谱图
Figure 5. SEM Morphology amd EDS Spectrum of Worn Scar of TP316H Steel under Different Temperatures
图 6 不同温度下TP316H钢的磨痕表面XPS谱图
Figure 6. XPS Spectra of Worn Scar of TP316H Steel under Different Temperatures
图 7 400℃时TP316H钢不同循环次数的磨痕光镜形貌
Figure 7. Light Microscope Micrographs of Worn Scar of TP316H Steel with Different Cycles at 400℃
图 8 400℃下TP316H钢不同循环次数的磨痕三维形貌
Figure 8. Three Dimensional Morphology of Worn Scar of TP316H Steel with Different Cycles at 400℃
图 9 400℃下TP316H钢不同循环次数磨痕的截面轮廓深度图
Figure 9. Sectional Depth Profiles of Worn Scar of TP316H Steel with Different Cycles at 400℃
图 10 400℃时TP316H钢不同循环次数磨痕的磨损数据
Figure 10. Wear Data of Worn Scar of TP316H Steel with Different Cycles at 400℃
图 11 400℃时TP316H钢不同循环次数的磨痕SEM形貌
Figure 11. SEM Morphology of Worn Scar of TP316H Steel with Different Cycles at 400℃
图 12 不同温度下TP316H钢的磨损机制示意图
Figure 12. Schematic Diagram of the Wear Mechanisms of TP316H Steel under Different Temperatures
表 1 试验材料主要化学成分
Table 1. Main Chemical Composition of Test Materials
元素 C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Mo Fe 质量分数/% 0.04~0.10 ≤0.75 ≤0.2 ≤0.04 ≤0.03 16.0~18.0 11.0~14.0 2.0~3.0 余量 
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表 2 LBE杂质元素含量
Table 2. Content of Impurity Elements in LBE
杂质元素 Ag Cu Zn Fe Cr Ni Si Al Sn Sb Mg Cd As Te Hg Pb 含量/(mg·kg−1) ＜5 ＜3 ＜1 ＜5 ＜1 ＜1 ＜10 ＜2 ＜1 ＜1 ＜1 ＜3 ＜1 ＜1 ＜1 余量
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表 3 微动磨损试验参数
Table 3. Fretting Wear Test Parameters
试验组 温度/℃ 法向
力/N微动
幅值/μm频率/Hz 循环次数 第一组 200/300/400 10 ±100 5 1×105 第二组 400 10 ±100 5 1×103/5×103/1×104/5×104
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