倾斜角度下高温钠热管间歇沸腾试验研究

杨思远; 马誉高; 文青龙; 文爽; 丁书华; 贺林峰; 袁波

doi:10.13832/j.jnpe.2024.060020

倾斜角度下高温钠热管间歇沸腾试验研究

doi: 10.13832/j.jnpe.2024.060020

杨思远^{1, 2,},
马誉高³,
文青龙^{1, 2, 4, ,},
文爽³,
丁书华³,
贺林峰⁵,
袁波^{1, 4}

1.
重庆大学能源与动力工程学院核工程与技术系，重庆，400044
2.
两江新能源（核能与动力）实验室，重庆，400044
3.
中国核动力研究设计院，成都，610213
4.
重庆大学低品位能源利用技术及系统教育部重点实验室，重庆，610213
5.
中国原子能科学研究院，北京，102413

基金项目: 核反应堆技术全国重点实验室基金（KFKT-05-FW-HT-20220013）

详细信息

作者简介:
杨思远（1998—），男，硕士研究生，现主要从事反应堆热工水力方向研究，E-mail: 1614355207@qq.com

通讯作者:
文青龙，E-mail: qlwen@cqu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TL33
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-06-07
- 修回日期: 2024-08-07
- 网络出版日期: 2025-04-22

Experimental Study of Geyser Boiling in High-temperature Sodium Heat Pipe at Inclined Angle Condition

Yang Siyuan^{1, 2
,},
Ma Yugao³,
Wen Qinglong^{1, 2, 4
, ,},
Wen Shuang³,
Ding Shuhua³,
He Linfeng⁵,
Yuan Bo^{1, 4}

1.
Department of Nuclear Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
2.
Liangjiang Laboratory for New Energy (Nuclear Energy and Power), Chongqing, 400044, China
3.
Nuclear Power Institute of China, Chengdu, 610213, ChinaLiangjiang Laboratory for New Energy (Nuclear Energy and Power), Chongqing, 400044, China
4.
Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies & Systems, MOE,Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
5.
China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, 102413, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究高温碱金属热管启动过程中的间歇沸腾现象，给热管反应堆安全运行提供可参考的操作条件，采用金属钠为热管工质，对热管启动过程的间歇沸腾的影响因素和作用机制开展了试验研究。研究结果表明，热管加热功率和倾角对间歇沸腾有重要影响，在90°倾角情况下，加热功率从600 W升至750 W，间歇沸腾周期变化范围为29~736 s，温度振幅范围为18~35℃；热管倾角为0°时不会发生间歇沸腾；间歇沸腾在中等加热功率条件下容易发生，随倾角的增大，间歇沸腾起始和截止的加热功率减小，倾角为45°、60°、90°工况下间歇沸腾起始和截止的加热功率分别为250、200、150 W和600、450、350 W。同一加热功率、不同倾角工况下间歇沸腾的周期差别较大，而温度振幅变化较小；冷凝段长度减小后间歇沸腾强度降低且发生间歇沸腾的功率区间提前；本研究结果为进一步探究碱金属热管间歇沸腾发生机理奠定了基础，对碱金属热管设计优化和热管反应堆安全运行提供了重要的数据和理论支持。
- 碱金属热管 /
- 间歇沸腾 /
- 试验研究 /
- 机理分析
Abstract: To study the geyser boiling phenomenon in the start-up process of high-temperature alkali metal heat pipe and provide reference operating conditions for the safe operation of the heat pipe reactor, sodium metal was used as the working medium to investigate the influence factors and mechanism of geyser boiling during the start-up process of the heat pipe. The results show that the heating power and inclination angle of the heat pipe have important effects on geyser boiling. Under the condition of 90° inclination angle, the heating power increases from 600 W to 750 W, the geyser boiling period varies from 736 s to 29 s, and the temperature amplitude ranges from 35℃ to 18℃. Geyser boiling is easy to occur under medium heating power conditions but will not happen when the inclination of the heat pipe is 0°. With the increase of inclination angle, the heating power of the start and stop of the geyser boiling decreases. When the inclination angle is 45°, 60°, 90° respectively, the geyser boiling starts at 250, 200, 150 W and stops at 600, 450, 350 W. The geyser boiling period varies at the same heating power from different inclination angles, but the temperature amplitude changes little. The geyser boiling intensity decreases and the power range of geyser boiling advances with the shortening of the condensing section. The results of this study laid a foundation for further research on the geyser boiling mechanism of alkali metal heat pipes, and provide important data and theoretical support for the design optimization of alkali metal heat pipes and the safe operation of heat pipe reactors.
- Alkali metal heat pipe /
- Geyser boiling /
- Experimental investigation /
- Mechanism analysis

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图 1 试验装置示意图

Figure 1. Schematic of Experimental Device

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图 2 温度测点

Figure 2. Temperature Measuring Point

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图 3 热管启动过程

Figure 3. Process of Heat Pipe Start-up

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图 4 热管启动过程示意图

Figure 4. Schematic of Heat Pipe Start-up Process

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图 5 热管倾角为90°时加热功率的影响

Figure 5. The Influence of Heating Power when the Inclination Angle of Heat Pipe is 90°

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图 6 热管倾角为60°时加热功率的影响

Figure 6. The Influence of Heating Power when the Inclination Angle of Heat Pipe is 60°

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图 7 热管倾角为0°时的启动过程

Figure 7. The Start-up Process when the Inclination Angle of the Heat Pipe is 0°

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图 8 热管倾角为45°时的启动过程

Figure 8. The Start-up Process when the Inclination Angle of the Heat Pipe is 45°

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图 9 热管倾角为60°时的启动过程

Figure 9. The Start-up Process when the Inclination Angle of the Heat Pipe is 60°

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图 10 热管倾角为90°时的启动过程

Figure 10. The Start-up Process when the Inclination Angle of the Heat Pipe is 90°

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图 11 冷凝段长度为50 cm时热管热阻变化

Figure 11. The Thermal Resistance of the Heat Pipe Changes when the Length of the Condensing Section is 50 cm

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图 12 不同冷凝段长度和倾角下热管热阻变化

Figure 12. Variation of Thermal Resistance of Heat Pipe under Different Condensation Section Length and Inclination Angle

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图 13 90°倾角下冷凝段长度的影响

Figure 13. The Influence of Condensation Length at 90° Inclination Angle

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图 14 间歇沸腾的周期性

Figure 14. Periodicity of Geyser Boiling

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图 15 热管垂直布置工况的间歇沸腾流型示意图

Figure 15. Schematic of Geyser Boiling Flow Pattern under Vertical Condition

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图 16 热管倾斜时汽液分布示意图

Figure 16. Schematic of Vapor-liquid Distribution when the Heat Pipe is Inclined

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图 17 热管两侧壁面气泡的受力分析

Figure 17. Force Analysis of Bubbles on Both Sides of the Heat Pipe Wall

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表 1 试验工况表

Table 1. Test Condition Table

序号	倾斜角度	加热功率/W	冷凝段长度/cm	冷凝段平均温度/℃	辐射换热功率/W	自然对流换热功率/W	总散热功率/W
1	0°	150~600	60	500	550.87	215.75	766.62
2	45°	150~900	60	500	550.87	116.46	667.33
3	60°	300~650	60	500	550.87	115.69	666.56
4	90°	300~750	60	500	550.87	115.54	666.41
5	45°	150~900	50	500	459.10	101.81	560.91
6	60°	150~700	50	500	459.10	101.03	560.13
7	90°	150~600	50	500	459.10	100.89	559.99

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参考文献(15)

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