Experimental and CFD Simulation of the RPV Head Plenum
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摘要: 为探究华龙一号反应堆压力容器（RPV）顶盖腔室区域的流动特征，为在役CPR1000压水堆核电厂的热套管磨损问题和华龙一号顶盖腔室结构的优化改进提供支撑。本文采用计算流体动力学（CFD）方法对顶盖腔室区域进行数值模拟，同时开展顶盖腔室模型水力模拟试验，获得顶盖腔室内流场分布及关键区域的水力特性参数。理论分析及试验结果表明：顶盖腔室关键区域的CFD结果和试验测得的横向流速偏差值在10%以内；正常工况下，顶盖腔室内整体流速较低，在顶盖喷嘴与内壁面附近流速较高；顶盖腔室内流体全部通过控制棒导向筒（CRGT）顶部流水孔进入上腔室，上腔室流体不会反向流入顶盖腔室，验证了华龙一号“冷顶盖”设计的有效性；顶盖腔室中心区域的热套管喇叭口附近存在漩涡且流速较外围区域更高，导致热套管承受的流体冲击更剧烈、磨损更严重。
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关键词:
- 压力容器（RPV）顶盖腔室 /
- 计算流体动力学（CFD） /
- 模拟试验
Abstract: This paper aims to investigate the flow characteristics of the RPV Head Plenum region in the HPR1000 Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) to provide support for addressing the erosion of the Thermal Sleeve in operational CPR1000 PWR plants and optimizing the RPV Head Plenum region structures in HPR1000 PWR plants. This paper uses Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods to conduct numerical simulations of the RPV Head Plenum region and also carries out hydraulic model experiments of the RPV Head Plenum to obtain the flow distribution and hydraulic characteristics of key areas within the RPV Head Plenum region. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that: The CFD results of the key areas in the RPV Head Plenum and the measured lateral velocity deviations from the experiments are within 10%. Under normal operating conditions, the overall flow velocity within the RPV Head Plenum is relatively low, but higher velocities are observed near the RPV Head nozzles and nearby surface. The coolant water in RPV Head Plenum flows downward through the holes at the top of CRGT and then flows into the Upper Plenum, which is consistent with the expectation of the HPR1000 “Cold RPV head”. Additionally, a vortex with higher flow velocity is present near the Thermal Sleeve Bell Mouth in the central region than in the peripheral area of the RPV Head Plenum, resulting in more severe fluid impact and wear on the thermal sleeves. -
图 7 热套管喇叭口区域速度矢量图（1.2×Qnominal顶盖旁流）
Figure 7. Velocity Vectors of Thermal Sleeves (under 1.2×Qnominal RPV Head Bypass Flow Condition)
图 8 热套管喇叭口区域速度矢量图（0.6×Qnominal顶盖旁流）
Figure 8. Velocity Vectors of Thermal Sleeves (under 0.6×Qnominal RPV Head Bypass Flow Condition)
图 10 正常工况：0.88×Qnominal旁流-CRGT压力数据（kPa）
Figure 10. Pressure Results under 0.88×Qnominal RPV Head Bypass in Normal Condition
图 11 假定工况：0.76×Qnominal-CRGT压力数据（kPa）
Figure 11. Pressure Results under 0.76×Qnominal RPV Head Bypass in Conservative Condition
图 12 IGA组件及喇叭口观测高度
Figure 12. Observation Position of Instrument Grid Assembly and Thermal Sleeve Bell Mouth
图 13 某方位的IGA组件不同观测高度流场矢量图
Figure 13. Velocity Results on Transverse Section of Incore Instrument Grid Assembly
图 14 中心区域热套管喇叭口高度位置流场矢量图
Figure 14. Velocity Results on Transverse Section of Thermal Sleeve Bell Mouth
图 15 以某顶盖喷嘴纵剖面的顶盖腔流场示意
Figure 15. Velocity Results on Longitudinal Section of RPV Head Tube
表 1 顶盖不同旁流量下试验结果（正常工况）
Table 1. Experimental Results with Different RPV Head Bypass (under Normal Condition)
旁流（Q）/Qnominal 0.60 0.66 0.72 0.92 1.00 下降流CRGT数量 68 69 69 69 69 上升流CRGT数量 1 0 0 0 0 
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表 2 顶盖不同旁流量下试验结果（假定工况）
Table 2. Experimental Results with Different RPV Head Bypass in Conservative Condition
Q/Qnominal 0.66 0.76 0.82 0.87 0.92 下降流CRGT数量 63 65 69 69 69 上升流CRGT数量 6 4 0 0 0
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